Incumbent term of probation for women - Quran Chapter 2- 234 (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-305) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 234 (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-305) - درس قرآن

Incumbent term of probation for women

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

 وَٱلَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنكُمْوَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَٰجًا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِىٓ أَنفُسِهِنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَاتَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ 234
 

234.  And such of you as die and leave behind them wives, they (the wives) shall wait, keeping themselves apart, four months and ten days. Then when they reach the term (prescribed for them) then there is no sin for you in aught that they may do with themselves in decency. And Allah is Aware of what ye do.

234.  Wallaziina  yuta-waffawna  minkum  wa  yazaruuna  ‘azwaajany-yatarab-basna  bi-‘anfusi-hinna  ‘arba-‘ata  ‘ash-hurinw-wa  ‘ashraa.  Fa-‘izaa  balagna  ‘ajalahunna  falaa  junaaha  ‘alay-kum  fiimaa  fa-‘alna  fiii  ‘anfusi-hinna  bil-ma’-ruuf.  Wallaahu  bimaa  ta’-maluuna  Khabiir.

Commentary

yatarab-basna – (they shall wait, keeping apart), it aims that after the death of husband, a widow will keep herself in waiting. Technical name of this period of waiting is ‘The Term’ (‘iddat). The woman who is divorced, her term is complete three months and the widow’s term is four months plus ten days. If the widow is pregnant, then her term is until the delivery of her child. To dress, decorate or embellish (make-up) is not lawful for the woman during the days of “the term”.

Other religions of the world did not show any proper favor for the widow. Moreover, Hinduism ordered the widow to burn alive in the fire (to be sati). Islam has granted the right to the widow to remain alive with full opportunities and determined this command that the women shall wait, keeping themselves apart, just four months and ten days with effect from the dates of their husbands’ death. She should not draw attention towards her next marriage and its related other matters. She must not decorate herself during this term. If she feels that she is pregnant, then her term will change, and she would have to prevent herself from re-marriage until delivery.

When the term of widowhood will end, then there is no objection in sending the message for re-marriage. Here, entire nation has been addressed, that is to say; there is no sin or objection for keeping lawful to re-marry like this matter. It has been cleared also that if any individual commits something unlawful, which is against the precepts of the religion, then it is others’ duty that they should challenge him according to their spirit and power. Otherwise, it will be sin for them too. So, they should look in to the matter that after the term of widowhood, which act will be done by the woman, that should not be against the Divine Law and custom. Remember! God Almighty is fully Aware about your deeds. Your all actions (good or bad) will be reckoned on the Day of Resurrection and you will be rewarded or punished according to your character roll.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/b1gn2XVPAdY

Other rules about suckling - Quran Chapter 2- 233b (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-304) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 233b (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-304) - درس قرآن

Other rules about suckling

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

 وَٱلْوَٰلِدَٰتُ يُرْضِعْنَأَوْلَٰدَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ أَن يُتِمَّ ٱلرَّضَاعَةَ وَعَلَى ٱلْمَوْلُودِ لَهُۥ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ لَا تُكَلَّفُ نَفْسٌ إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا لَا تُضَآرَّ وَٰلِدَةٌۢبِوَلَدِهَا وَلَا مَوْلُودٌ لَّهُۥ بِوَلَدِهِۦ وَعَلَى ٱلْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ ذَٰلِكَ فَإِنْ أَرَادَا فِصَالًا عَن تَرَاضٍ مِّنْهُمَا وَتَشَاوُرٍ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا وَإِنْ أَرَدتُّمْ أَن تَسْتَرْضِعُوٓا۟أَوْلَٰدَكُمْ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا سَلَّمْتُم مَّآ ءَاتَيْتُم بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ 233
 

233b.  And on the (father’s) heir is incumbent the like of that (which was incumbent on the father). If they desire to wean the child by mutual consent and (after) consultation, it is no sin for them; and if ye wish to give your children out to nurse, it is no sin for you, provided that ye pay what is due from you in kindness. And observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is Seer of what ye do.

233b.  Wa  ‘alal-waarisi  mislu  zaalik.  Fa-‘in  ‘araadaa  fisaalan  ‘an  taraazim-min-humaa  wa  tashaa-wurin-  falaa junaaha ‘alayhi-maa.  Wa  ‘in  ‘arattum  ‘an- tas-tar-zi-‘uuu  ‘awlaadakum  falaa  junaaha  ‘alaykum  ‘izaa  sallamtum-maaa  ‘aataytum-  bil-ma’-ruuf.  Watta-qUllaaha  wa’-lamuuu  ‘annAllaaha  bimaa  ta’-maluuna  Basiir.

Commentary

‘Al-waarisi – (heir), heir means that intimate relative who is lawful heir after the father. 

Mislu  zaalik – (incumbent) the like of that, it means that as incumbent (protection of rights) regarding the child’s mother is on the father, like this the incumbent is also on the nearest relative after the father.

It is father’s responsibility to bear the expenses for bringing up his child and when he dies, then it is the order that if the child is owner of wealth/property, then his expenditures will be taken from that wealth, and if he doesn’t have any wealth/property, then those persons who are from his intimate rich relatives, and besides being intimate relatives they are also lawful heirs, then it is their duty to bear the child’s expenditures. Reason for assuming the charges of an innocent suckling child on others, is that the child has not power to bring him up himself. Another thing also appears from it that expenses for the lives of poor women, cripple men and minors are incumbent on their relatives.

After that it has also been instructed that if the parents want to wean the child by mutual consent and (after) consultation, then it is no sin for them. The mother has more right to bring the child up due to her kind feelings. So the matters relating to the child have not been left on the opinion of only father. Then it has been cleared too that in some circumstances; when it has become necessary to get suckled the child from any other woman, then it is no sin also, provided that she has been paid remuneration.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/i7cjIX4rqJE

Period of suckling by mothers - Quran Chapter 2- 233a (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-303) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 233a (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-303) - درس قرآن

Period of suckling by mothers

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

 وَٱلْوَٰلِدَٰتُ يُرْضِعْنَأَوْلَٰدَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ أَن يُتِمَّ ٱلرَّضَاعَةَ وَعَلَى ٱلْمَوْلُودِ لَهُۥ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ لَا تُكَلَّفُ نَفْسٌ إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا لَا تُضَآرَّ وَٰلِدَةٌۢبِوَلَدِهَا وَلَا مَوْلُودٌ لَّهُۥ بِوَلَدِهِۦ وَعَلَى ٱلْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ ذَٰلِكَ فَإِنْ أَرَادَا فِصَالًا عَن تَرَاضٍ مِّنْهُمَا وَتَشَاوُرٍ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا وَإِنْ أَرَدتُّمْ أَن تَسْتَرْضِعُوٓا۟أَوْلَٰدَكُمْ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا سَلَّمْتُم مَّآ ءَاتَيْتُم بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ 233
 

233a.  Mothers shall suckle their children for two whole years; (that is) for those who wish to complete the suckling. The duty of feeding and clothing nursing mothers in a seemly manner is upon the father of the child. No one should be compelled beyond his capacity. A mother should not be made to suffer because of her child, nor should he to whom the child is born (be made to suffer) because of his child.

233a.  Wal-waalidaatu  yurzi’-na  ‘awlaada-hunna  haw-layni  kaa-milayni  liman  ‘araada  ‘any-yutimmar-razaa-‘ah.  Wa  ‘alal-mawluudi  lahuu  rizquhunna  wa  kiswatuhunna  bil-ma’-ruuf.  Laa  tukallafu  nafsun  ‘illaa  wus-‘ahaa.  Laa  tuzaaarra  waalida-tum-bi-waladihaa  wa  laa mawluudul-lahuu  bi-waladihii;

Commentary

Razaa-‘ah – (length of time for suckling), in the Divine Law of Islam, natural length of time for suckling has been fixed two complete years. More duration or less has been left upon mutual willingness among husband and wife. Detail of these orders is being discussed in this lesson.

‘Al-waalidaatu – (women having child), it aims the mothers of the children, whether they are in marriage or have been divorced.

It has been narrated in this verse that the mother should suckle the child for two years and this length of time is for those mothers and fathers who wish to complete the duration of suckling. Otherwise, it is lawful also to lessen this period, as it will come at the end of the verse. Those mothers come in this instruction too, whose marriage still stands and those who either have been divorced or their term has passed. Difference will be only that the feeding and clothing of the wife is incumbent on the husband in each condition.

It has been known from this verse that length of time for the mother who will suckle the child or the father who has to pay the charges of suckling to the mother of his child is complete two years. Then it has been disclosed also that the father will have to provide feeding and clothing to the mother of the child in each condition. In the first form, she is in his marriage and in the second, he has to pay remuneration of suckling the child, and the parents of the child should not anyhow vex each other, for example; either the mother should not refuse from suckling the child without any reason or the father should not get suckled his child separating him from his mother without any reason or he should not be narrow in paying her feeding and clothing.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/L5Sblt5rYSA

Consent of the woman Quran Chapter 2- 232 (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-302) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 232 (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-302) - درس قرآن

Consent of the woman

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

 وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلَا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ أَن يَنكِحْنَ أَزْوَٰجَهُنَّ إِذَا تَرَٰضَوْا۟ بَيْنَهُم بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِذَٰلِكَ يُوعَظُ بِهِۦ مَن كَانَ مِنكُمْ يُؤْمِنُ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْءَاخِرِ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَزْكَىٰ لَكُمْ وَأَطْهَرُ وَٱللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ 232
 

232.  And when ye have divorced women and they reach their term,   place not difficulties in the way of their marrying their husbands if it is agreed between them in kindness. This is admonition for him among you who believeth in Allah and the Last Day. That is more virtuous for you, and cleaner. And Allah knoweth; and ye know not.

232.  Wa  ‘izaa  tallaqtumun-nisaaa-‘a  fabalagna  ‘ajalahunna  falaa  ta’-zuluuhunna  ‘any-yan-kihna  ‘azwaajahunna  ‘izaa  taraazaw  baynahum-  bil-ma’-ruuf.  Zaalika  yuu-‘azu  bihii  man-kaana  minkum  yu’-minu  Billaahi  wal-Yawmil-‘Aakhir.  Zaalikum  ‘azkaa  lakum  wa  ‘athar.  Wallaahu  ya’-lamu  wa  ‘antum  laa  ta’-lamuun.

Commentary

fabalagna  ‘ajalahunna – (when they reach their term), translation of fabalagna is ‘when they reach’ that is to say; they complete. Meaning of ‘ajalahunna is ‘their term’, specific period, according to Divine Law of Religion which is called ‘iddat.

‘izaa  tallaqtum – (when you have divorced), here it has been addressed state forward to the husbands, but this speech is for the entire nation.

‘azwaajahunna – (their husbands), it means “their such husbands whom the women like after divorce from first husband”, either they wish to wed any other man or the previous husband who have divorced them once.  

Taraazaw – (when) it is agreed (between them). It reveals from this word that ‘affirmation’ and ‘approval/reception’ both are pillars of marriage. It is a separate thing that if, instead of husband and wife, their guardians or agents (father or any other patron from any side) do ‘affirmation’ and ‘approval/reception’, and they (husband and wife) admit it. Otherwise, if they don’t agree then there is no marriage.

Reason for revelation of this verse is that a woman was divorced by her husband once or twice and he didn’t incline during the period of term (‘iddat). When the period of ‘iddat expired, then along with other persons, he also sent message for marriage. The woman was agreeing but her brother was in a rage and he stopped her sister’s marriage with her first husband. So, then it was revealed in the Holy Qur-’an that; pleasure and betterment of the woman should be kept in front, the marriage should be done with her consent. One’s thought and displeasure shouldn’t interfere. However, if there is something wrong according to rules, for example; if she wants to wed any other person during her first husband’s term, then surely he has right to stop this marriage.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/YjVKEcxr4cY

Making the Commands of God a laughing-stock - Quran Chapter 2- 231b (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-301) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 231b (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-301) - درس قرآن

Making the Commands of God a laughing-stock

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ سَرِّحُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَلَا تُمْسِكُوهُنَّ ضِرَارًا لِّتَعْتَدُوا۟ وَمَن يَفْعَلْذَٰلِكَ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ نَفْسَهُۥ وَلَا تَتَّخِذُوٓا۟ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ هُزُوًا وَٱذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَمَآ أَنزَلَ عَلَيْكُم مِّنَ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ وَٱلْحِكْمَةِ يَعِظُكُم بِهِۦ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ٱللَّهَ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌ 231
 

231b.  Make not the Revelations of Allah a laughing-stock (by your behaviour). And remember Allah’s Grace upon you and that which He hath revealed unto you of the Scripture and of Wisdom, whereby He doth exhort you. Observe your duty to Allah and know that Allah is Aware of all things.

231b.  Wa  laa  tattakhizuuu  ‘AayaaTillaahi  hu-zuwaa,  wazkuruu  ni’-matAllaahi  ‘alaykum  wa  maaa  ‘anzala    ‘alaykum-minal-Kitaabi  wal-Hikmati  ya-‘izukum-  bih.   Wat-taqUllaaha  wa’-lamuuu  ‘annAllaaha  bikulli  shay-‘in  ‘Aliim.

Commentary

Allah Almighty has warned in this verse, “Make not the Revelations of Allah a laughing-stock (by your behavior)” like that, we obeyed only those Orders, which we wished and left those Commands which we thought difficult to be acted upon by us. Moreover, “Abide by the entire Rules completely because your goodness is only in it”.

First stone of the social life is family and the family life, and fundamental point of the family is good relationship between husband and wife. So, it will be quite true and just to say that foundation of the entire nation’s social system depends on execution and correction of rights and duties among husband and wife. If the husband pays his wife’s all rights very gracefully and the wife performs also like this in her husband’s rights, then life of the entire society will be established on very strong foundations. But if the relations between husband and wife have been disconnected and any dispute has been created between them, then it is sure that the entire society is in danger. Therefore, all people who like correction, should engage their attention to this side, they should try that the relations among husband and wife remain firm. Islam has emphasized especially this side.

It has been proved also from this verse through this command, “Make not the Revelations of Allah a laughing-stock (by your behavior)” , for example; at first divorced and then revoked, and said that either the word divorce was used as laughter and humor or it was spoken by chance in emotion.

There is abundant wisdom and advisability in these matters of the Divine Law. The human being should think about them and try to reach their depth. Allah Almighty has sent these commandments for our guidance and admonition. It is very necessary for us to reap advantage from them. God Almighty knows our intentions. He is Familiar of our ecstasies. Nothing is hidden from Him. To keep the intention pure and settle the matters; is very needful for us.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/vM9nd3oFq9Y

Behavior with the wives - Quran Chapter 2- 231a (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-300) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 231a (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-300) - درس قرآن

Behavior with the wives

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ سَرِّحُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَلَا تُمْسِكُوهُنَّ ضِرَارًا لِّتَعْتَدُوا۟ وَمَن يَفْعَلْذَٰلِكَ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ نَفْسَهُۥ وَلَا تَتَّخِذُوٓا۟ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ هُزُوًا وَٱذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَمَآ أَنزَلَ عَلَيْكُم مِّنَ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ وَٱلْحِكْمَةِ يَعِظُكُم بِهِۦ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ٱللَّهَ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌ 231
 

231a.  When ye have divorced women, and they have reached their term, then retain them in kindness or release them in kindness. Retain them not with the object of hurting them in order that ye transgress (the   limits). And he who doeth that hath wronged his soul.

231a.  Wa ‘izaa  tallaqtumun-nisaaa-‘a  fabalagna  ‘ajalahunna  fa-‘amsikuu-hunna  bi-ma’-ruu-fin  ‘aw  sarrihuu-hunna  bi-ma’-ruuf.  Wa  laa  tumsikuuhunna  ziraaral-lita’-taduu.  Wa  many-yaf-‘al zaalika  faqad zalama nafsah.

Commentary

‘Izaa  tallaqtum – (When you have divorced), here it signifies towards the once or twice divorce which may be revoked, after which there is still a chance of inclination. 

‘Ajalahunna – (their term), it aims that the period of their term is near to end, but has not yet ended. Otherwise, meaning of ending of the term period will be that now there is no chance for inclination.

Such rule has been mentioned in this verse that as and when a husband divorces his wife once or twice and he has not yet divorced at the third time, then he can revoke before third divorce if he wants, and if he doesn’t wish to incline then he should divorce third time. Or if he remains silent then after the completion of the term, it will be considered automatically that he doesn’t want to incline and he has finished his relationship intentionally with his wife. But it is compulsory that, which path will be adopted by the husband out of these two, that should be according to the Rule and suitable as per the Divine’s Law of Religion. That is to say; if he wishes to retain his wife then he should return with respect and nobility, and if he wants to disconnect his relationship then he should send her wife back from his home with honor and politeness. In short, both forms should be suitable in accord with law and compliments. It should not be so that he inclines to vex and tease his wife, and likewise put her intentionally under his ban.

Those people who violate the rights of women and take them again in marriage to hurt them, God Almighty commanded about them that doing so, they have wronged their souls; they did hurt themselves at their own. It is clear that doing so, their homes might not be remained prosperous. But these will be ruined. They themselves also will remain never in peace and comfort. Their domestic lives will become the spring of distresses and troubles. They both will fail in fulfilling the responsibilities of their children. Therefore, destruction and ruin will encamp at their homes. If this person divorces after some period too then any noble woman will never be ready to wed him. It is better for the husband that he should behave his wife with good manner, so that he may live also happily and his wife too.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/BtBuoyHpR2E

Halaalah – a form of temporary matrimony - Quran Chapter 2- 230 (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-299) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 230 (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-299) - درس قرآن

Halaalah – a form of temporary matrimony

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

فَإِن طَلَّقَهَا فَلَاتَحِلُّ لَهُۥ مِنۢ بَعْدُ حَتَّىٰ تَنكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُۥ فَإِن طَلَّقَهَا فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَآ أَن يَتَرَاجَعَآ إِن ظَنَّآ أَن يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ وَتِلْكَ حُدُودُ ٱللَّهِ يُبَيِّنُهَا لِقَوْمٍيَعْلَمُونَ 230

Islam is a natural religion and has complete Code in practice for the entire life of human beings. It shows the way of acquiring betterment and welfare for the life in this world and after death. Islam is masterly over the entire sections of human life. There is no such problem of life; solution of which; it doesn’t explain and there is no direction, commands about which it doesn’t issue.

Collective life of the mankind begins from a family. If the family life is successful and the relationship among husband and wife are in well condition then it is evident that every individual will find himself in a very good environment. He may be able to do his work with good manner. The children will find superior model role for themselves and they will follow their elders on the straight path at the time of their maturity. So, Islam makes better the family life of a Muslim. The husband and the wife have central position in the dynasty. If there are good relations and mutual cooperation between them, then every child of that family will go forth upon the way of improvement; step by step easily. But if the relationship between husband and wife is in worse condition and they are disunited due to their thoughts and deeds, then it is much difficult for them to move forward collectively, and their misunderstanding will prove fatal also for their children.

Islam is also apprised this side of human nature and determines the divorce lawful in case of pressure. If any person wishes to divorce, then he should do so after deep meditation. If the woman feels lamentation due to her husband’s behavior, then she may also be gotten released. But the Divine Law of the Religion has imposed some orders and restrictions to realize the importance of married relationships of man and woman, for instance if the husband has devised firm resolution of divorce and doesn’t reconcile during the period of ‘iddat (term) after the second divorce, moreover he divorces her wife third time, then he can’t re-marry with her after it. If he wants to re-wed then its condition is very harsh. That is to say; any other person would have to wed the divorced woman, perform the act of copulation with her and then either divorce her with his will or he dies, and then thereafter; she would have to complete her ‘iddat period. This remarriage is called literally Halaalah. But after this Halaalah, the re-marriage can only be performed in such form when both of them stand firm according to the orders of Allah Almighty, because they both have to think about paying the rights of each other, and have to believe in it. Otherwise, the situation of the destruction of each other’s rights and their mutual quarrels will come again. And they both will fall in sin.

Holy Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) has cursed those men in one Hadith out of his Sayings, who make it (divorce) their profession, because a man weds a divorced woman for the purpose that he will divorce her again, so that, her first husband may re-marry this above-mentioned woman.

Alas! The Muslims didn’t recognize the rights of these questions and made the religion droll. Which restrictions were imposed by the Divine Law of the Religion on divorce, didn’t care for them. As and when we wanted, we divorced without thinking. When the anger subsided, we gained our wits, began to lament and we chose unlawful forms of Halaalah. All this badness grew due to carelessness from the religion, ignorance, foolishness and not respecting the matters.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/fEctBbT5-uc

Form of reconciliation - Quran Chapter 2- 230 (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-298) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 230 (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-298) - درس قرآن

Form of reconciliation

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

فَإِن طَلَّقَهَا فَلَاتَحِلُّ لَهُۥ مِنۢ بَعْدُ حَتَّىٰ تَنكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُۥ فَإِن طَلَّقَهَا فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَآ أَن يَتَرَاجَعَآ إِن ظَنَّآ أَن يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ وَتِلْكَ حُدُودُ ٱللَّهِ يُبَيِّنُهَا لِقَوْمٍيَعْلَمُونَ 230
 

230.  And if he hath divorced her (the third time), then she is not lawful unto him thereafter until she hath wedded another husband. Then if he (the other husband) divorce her it is no sin for both of them that they come together again if they consider that they are able to observe the limits of Allah. And these are the limits of Allah; He manifesteth them for people who have knowledge.

230.  Fa-‘in-  tallaqahaa  falaa  tahillu  lahuu  mim- ba’-du  hattaa  tankiha  zawjan  gayrah.  Fa-‘in  tallaqa-haa   falaa  junaaha  ‘alay-himaaa ‘any-yataraaja-‘aaa  ‘in  zannaaa  ‘any-yuqiimaa  Huduu-dAllaah.  Wa  tilka  HuduudUllaahi  yubayyi-nuhaa  liqawminy-ya’-lamuun.

Commentary

mim- ba’-du – (thereafter), it means after the third divorce.

Tankiha – (she has wedded), this word has been derived from Nikaah which means marriage. It has been commanded in this verse that after the third divorce the divorced woman will not be lawful for her first husband till the time she doesn’t wed any other individual and get divorce from her second husband. Here the word “tankiha” has not been used for the idiomatically meaning as wedding, but it has been used here for its original and literal meaning as ‘copulation’, because only understood meaning of the marriage has already come out from zawjan,  so the aim from the word tankiha is to declare intercourse after marriage knot and that is its literal meaning.

‘in  zannaaa – (if they consider), that is to say; if they have intention and reliance that thereafter they might be live together with correction and beauty.

It has been stated in this verse that if the husband doesn’t reconcile after first two divorces then now at the third time namely after the two divorces three months are sufficient for setting them make a truce, meditation and consideration. After the third divorce the husband cannot revoke the divorce of that woman who was his wife earlier. Moreover, it is not possible that they wed again except in case that the woman wed any other person after passing the term (‘iddat) period (three months) and after copulation, that second husband either divorces her with his pleasure or dies, and three months/four months & ten days respectively of the term (‘iddat) period expires.     

It has already been mentioned that Islamic Divine Law doesn’t like the divorce certainly, so restrictions of various sorts have been imposed in this matter, and it has been instructed, “Meditate and understand thoroughly before divorce”. Islam provided many opportunities so that they may concord again, but after expiry of all these stages, while the divorce has been finalized, then now there is no chance of concession. Now the husband can’t get back again his wife easily.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/pW5mHcOe1GM

Divorce obtaining by a wife - Quran Chapter 2- 229b (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-297) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 229b (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-297) - درس قرآن

Divorce obtaining by a wife

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

ٱلطَّلَٰقُ مَرَّتَانِفَإِمْسَاكٌۢ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌۢ بِإِحْسَٰنٍ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَن تَأْخُذُوا۟ مِمَّآ ءَاتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْـًٔا إِلَّآ أَن يَخَافَآ أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا يُقِيمَاحُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا فِيمَا ٱفْتَدَتْ بِهِۦ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ ٱللَّهِ فَلَا تَعْتَدُوهَا وَمَن يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ 229
 

229b.  And if ye fear that ye may not be able to keep the limits of Allah, in that case it is no sin on either if the woman ransom herself. These are the limits (imposed by) Allah, transgress them not. And whoso transgresseth Allah’s limits, such are wrongdoers.

229b.  Fa-‘in  khiftum  ‘allaa  yuqiimaa  Huduudallaahi,  falaa  junaaha  ’alayhimaa  fiimaf-tadat  bih.  Tilka  Huduudullaahi  falaa ta’-taduuhaa.  Wa  many-yata-‘adda  Huduudallaahi  fa-‘ulaaa-‘ika  humuz-zaalimuun.

Commentary

Reason of revelation of this verse is that a woman came in the court of Last Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) and requested that she was displeased from her husband. She did not want to live in her husband’s house. Messenger of God Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) asked about its reason. She answered, “My husband does neither neglect in performing my rights and nor I have any objection on his manners and customs. But I naturally hate him. I don’t want to see his figure. If I would not have the fear of Islam, then I wished to spit on his face”. The Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) caused to return the dower (Maher) and divorce her.

It has been commanded by Allah Almighty in this verse to the Muslims that if they have fear that the husband and wife are displeased from one another, and they may not live together, then there is no sin for them if they become separate. The woman can get rid of herself from marriage by returning dower to her husband and the husband can get back that wealth. The name of this particular form of divorce (desirous of which is the woman) is called Khula’ (a kind of divorce which is a right of the woman to let free from marriage). Instructions about Khula’ are available in the books of ‘the religious laws’ in detail.

It is evident from this verse that Islam commands us in every matter for correction and betterment of our families, domestic affairs and social relations. If a man is displeased from his wife and considers it difficult to live together with his wife then he can get freedom from her. Like this, if the wife thinks that it is impossible to live in her husband’s home then she also can get freedom from her husband. Purpose of this is only correction of affairs in each form, making the marriage relations better as it may be possible; somehow or other. In the last, it has been warned that these are the limits and conditions (imposed by) Allah, so you should not transgress them because transgressing these limits is a very big sin. Islam desires that the world’s society should be established on goodness and God fearing. Nobody should tyrannize or oppress any other. These limitations are called HuduudUllaah.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/0kqhVaHstuE

Divorce revocable - Quran Chapter 2- 229a (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-296) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 229a (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-296) - درس قرآن

Divorce revocable

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

ٱلطَّلَٰقُ مَرَّتَانِفَإِمْسَاكٌۢ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌۢ بِإِحْسَٰنٍ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَن تَأْخُذُوا۟ مِمَّآ ءَاتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْـًٔا إِلَّآ أَن يَخَافَآ أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا يُقِيمَاحُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا فِيمَا ٱفْتَدَتْ بِهِۦ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ ٱللَّهِ فَلَا تَعْتَدُوهَا وَمَن يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ 229
 

229a.  Divorce must be pronounced twice and then (a woman) must be retained in honour or released in kindness. And it is not lawful for you that ye take from them aught of that which ye have given them; except (in the case) when both fear that they may not be able to keep within the limits (imposed by) Allah.

229a.  ‘At-talaaqu  marrataan:  fa- ‘imsaa-kum-bima’-ruufin  ‘aw tasriihum-  bi- ‘ihsaan.  Wa laa  yahillu  lakum  ‘an-    ta’-khuzuu  mim-maaa  ‘aatay-tumuu-hunna  shay- ‘an  ‘illaaa  ‘any-yakhaafaaa  ‘allaa  yuqiimaa HuduudAllaah.

Commentary

Fa- ‘imsaakum – (then (a woman) must be retained), that is to say; to retain that wife who has already been divorced once.  

Bima’-ruufin – (in honour, according to the Divine Rule of religion), its detail can be gotten from the religious law books.

Bi- ‘ihsaan – (in kindness) removing tense and unpleasant condition which had become purpose of divorce. Dishearten, scorn or lowering the woman down should not be the purpose.

Maaa  ‘aatay-tumuuhunna  shay- ‘an – (taking from the women aught of that which you have given them), many Commentators have explained it as the amount of kindness (Maher) but some Scholars have extended it as entire that wealth and goods which the husband has given to her wife i.e. ornaments and clothes etc.

It was a custom before Islam that the husband used to divorce her wife many times as he wished, but then he used to revoke from it. This verse revealed to remove this evil and told that revocation can be only after divorcing twice. He has been empowered up to two divorces that if the husband wishes during the time of term (‘iddat), then either he can retain her according to rule or leave her with kindness. But after the expiry of term (‘iddat), revocation is not allowed. However, if they both agree, they can re-marry. And if he has divorced at the third time, then there is no chance of re-wedding too, till the time that woman doesn’t live in any other husband’s home and that husband either doesn’t die or divorce her.

Sometimes the husband divorces in anger, and then he also oppresses to snatch that entire wealth or goods which he has given to her wife till then. During the days of ignorance; this rule had been spread more in the Arabians. Here this cruel principal has been forbidden and declared that amount of the kindness (Maher) etc. which you have paid already, cannot get back now.     

Meaning of ‘imsaakum-bima’-ruufin  and tasriihum-  bi- ‘ihsaan is that if the husband revokes then he should remain and live with honor and kindness, and if he wants to bid her good-bye then also he should see her off with comfort and nicely. It means that stress of kindness and good behavior should be in all conditions.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/DCsibbsiCYE