Justice and impartiality - Quran Chapter 5 – 8 (Pt-6, Stg-2) (L-651) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 8 (Pt-6, Stg-2) (L-651) - درس قرآن    

Justice and impartiality

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

                                                                               

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ كُونُوا۟ قَوَّٰمِينَ لِلَّهِ شُهَدَآءَ بِٱلْقِسْطِ وَلَا يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شَنَـَٔانُ قَوْمٍ عَلَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَعْدِلُوا۟ ٱعْدِلُوا۟ هُوَ أَقْرَبُ لِلتَّقْوَىٰ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرٌۢ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ 8  

8.  O ye who believe! Be steadfast witnesses for Allah in equity, and let not hatred of any people seduce you that ye deal not justly. Deal justly, that is nearer to your duty; and observe your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is Aware of what ye do.

8.  Yaaa-‘ayyu-hallaziina  ‘aamanuu  kuunuu  qawwaa-miina  Lillaahi  shuhadaaa-‘a  bil-qisti  wa  laa  yajri-mannakum  shana-‘aanu  qawmin  ‘alaaa  ‘allaa  ta’-diluu.  ‘I’-diluu:  huwa  ‘aqrabu  lit-taq-waa;  watta-qUllaah.  ‘In-nAllaaha  khabiirum-bimaa  ta’-maluun.

    Commentary

It was uttered with emphasis in the previous verses that the people should fulfill their undertakings with Allah Almighty. In this verse, its one part has been described clearly. This covenant is also hidden in the testimony of Kalimah, “I shall correct my all deeds in accordance with the commands of Allah Almighty”. It has been described here more openly.

Allah Almighty indicates here, “The Belief demands from you to complete two things:

1.    Be ready always to obey Him, bearing in mind Allah’s favors and blessings, and worship Him according to His Instructions.  

2.    Render those people their dues completely, with whom you pass your social life.

                                        

The Belief desires two things from the believers:

1.    Observe your duty to Allah Almighty.

2.    Treat His servants (the humankind) suitably.

It is the summary of the entire religion, which has been mentioned in these two commands:

  

1.    kuunuu  qawwaa-miina  Lillaahi  - (Be steadfast for Allah)

2.    shuhadaaa-‘a  bil-qisti  (witnesses in equity)

We have recited a verse like this, at the end of Wal-Muh-sanaati (Part -5), in Chapter (Surah) Nisaaa’. These two orders were mentioned there as (1).  kuunuu  qawwaa-miina  bil-qisti  and (2).  kuunuu  shuhadaaa-‘a . There, the mention is about “the behavior with human beings in equity” at first, and then, the description is about “observing the duty to (steadfastness for) Allah Almighty”. Here at first is, mention about “steadfastness for Allah Almighty” and then “behavior with the human beings in equity”. That is to say; both orders have been stressed equally and the both duties should be observed side by side. The duty to Allah Almighty would be observed in this manner, “Worship Him”, and the way of treating the people would be in the manner, “Bear in mind the justice and equity in every matter”.

‘Adl means, “To render everyone his/her complete due. Nobody should take part in such a matter, in which there is any chance of violation of one’s right, even that the act of justice should be equally also with the enemy and he should not be deprived of his lawful right due to enmity. Taqwaa (quality of being pious) can be obtained at such time, when level of morality is so much high. Taqwaa means “To escape from evil deeds and sins due to fear of Allah Almighty”.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif).  https://youtu.be/sFHhSiICO-0

Covenant of Allah - Quran Chapter 5-7 (Pt-6 Stg-2) (L–650)-درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 7 (Pt-6, Stg-2) (L-650) - درس قرآن    

Covenant of Allah

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

 وَٱذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَةَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَمِيثَٰقَهُ ٱلَّذِى وَاثَقَكُم بِهِۦٓ إِذْ قُلْتُمْ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَاوَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمٌۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ (7 

7.  Remember Allah’s Grace upon you and His covenant by which He bound you when ye said: We hear and we obey; And keep your duty to Allah. Lo! He knoweth what is in the breasts (of men).

7.  Waz-kuruuu  ni’-matAllaahi  ‘alay-kum  wa  Miisaaqa-hullazii  waasaqakum  bihiii,  ‘iz  qultum  sami’-naa  wa  ‘ata’-naa  watta-qUllaah.  ‘InnAllaaha  ‘Aliimum-bizaatis-suduur.

    Commentary

Waasaqakum – (obtained your promise, got your acceptance), this word is from mu-wasqah, which means ‘to promise, to make terms, to covenant’. ‘As-suduur – (breasts), it is plural of sadar, which means ‘breast, heart’. Zaatis-suduur – (those thoughts, which are in the hearts).

The Muslims were informed in the previous verses that all good pure and clean things have been made lawful for their use. Then it was described to them that “Their Religion has been perfected Today and Allah Almighty has completed His Favor upon them, and has chosen for them AL-ISLAM as Religion”. Then they were ordered that they should clean themselves for worship, ablution and bathing were prescribed for them before the prayer. Then they were relaxed in case of sickness and journey and determined method of Tayammum (Purifying before prayer with sand or dust when water cannot be had). These all favors are due to Grace of Allah Almighty. Remember them every time.

Once again the same lesson is being reminded after describing all above instructions, which was taught in the beginning of this Surah (Chapter). That is to say, “Fulfill your undertakings and remember your covenant with Allah Almighty by which He bound you when you said: We hear and we obey”. After reciting Kalimah, “Laaa ‘ilaaha ‘illAllaahu, Muhammadur-RasuulUllaah” (None is worthy of worship but Allah, Muhammad is Messenger of Allah), the human being enters in the circle of Islam, as though; one affirms, “I will never fix any partner to Allah Almighty, nor worship any other but my Creator, nor I shall steal, nor fornicate with anyone, nor take someone as secret concubine, nor I shall calumniate upon any person falsely and nor kill the children. I shall follow the teachings of the Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), and keep my faith correct. I shall worship according to the prescribed manner, adopt good habits and mortality”. After embracing Islam by anyone, the Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) used to be called often verbally by every person, and fulfilling the same becomes necessary for every Muslim as soon as one recites this Kalimah, whether that is male or female. These entire matters used to become compulsory also for previous nations after believing. And it is the reason that the Jews and the Christians etc. have been admonished again and again, “Remember the Blessings of Allah Almighty upon you and fulfill His covenant by which He bound you when you said: We hear and we obey”.

This is the word, which is reminded to the Muslims off and on, whenever any such situation comes. Either it is said directly to them that they have many favors of Allah Almighty, or it is described about other people that they promised with Allah Almighty many terms, but did not fulfill. Now, you should fulfill them. Object to say the Muslims in this verse is that they should not be like the Jews and the Christians, but they should fulfill their responsibilities, which are liable to come upon them by Islam.

Stipulation of pardon is upon fulfilling of this covenant, “We hear and we obey”. Keep your duty to Allah Almighty and understand carefully that He knows very well about all that, what is hidden in your breasts. You can hide nothing from Him and He will give you retaliation – reward for good deeds and punishment for evil deeds.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/LwsUUmeFraI

Description of Tayammum (purifying without water) - Quran Chapter 5-6b (Pt-6 Stg-2) (L–649)-درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 6b (Pt-6, Stg-2) (L-649) - درس قرآن    

Description of Tayammum (purifying without water)

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

 وَإِن كُنتُم مَّرْضَىٰٓ أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ أَوْ جَآءَ أَحَدٌ مِّنكُم مِّنَ ٱلْغَآئِطِ أَوْ لَٰمَسْتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَفَلَمْ تَجِدُوا۟ مَآءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا۟ صَعِيدًا طَيِّبًا فَٱمْسَحُوا۟ بِوُجُوهِكُمْ وَأَيْدِيكُم مِّنْهُ مَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ لِيَجْعَلَ عَلَيْكُم مِّنْ حَرَجٍ وَلَٰكِن يُرِيدُلِيُطَهِّرَكُمْ وَلِيُتِمَّ نِعْمَتَهُۥ عَلَيْكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ (6  b  

6b.  And if ye are sick or on a journey, or one of you cometh from the closet, or ye have had contact with women, and ye find not water, then go to clean, high ground and rub your faces and your hands with some of it. Allah doth not wish to place a burden on you, but He wishes to purify you and would perfect His Grace upon you, that ye may give thanks.

6b.  Wa  ‘in- kuntum  marzaaa  ‘aw  ‘alaa  safarin  ‘aw  jaaa-‘a  ‘ahadum-minkum-minal-gaaa-‘iti  aw  laamas-tumunnisaaa-‘a  falam  tajiduu  maaa-‘an-  fata-yam-mamuu  sa-‘iidan  tayyi-ban-  fam-sahuu  bi-wujuuhikum  wa  ‘ay-diikum-minh.  Maa  yurii-dUllaahu  liyaj-‘ala  ‘alay-kum-min  harajinw-wa  laa-kiny-yuriidu  liyu-tahhi-rakum  wa  liyu-timma  ni’-matahuu  ‘alaykum  la-‘allakum  tashkuruun.

    Commentary

Gaaa-‘ita – (the closet, the descent place), usually human being goes to the privy at any abyss or deep place. Therefore, gaaa-‘iti means a latrine. 

Laamas-tum – it is from lam-sah, which has been derived from lamas. It means ‘to touch, to meddle with someone’. Here it aims “to copulate”.

As it has been discussed earlier that, ablution is mandatory before offering the prayer, but use of water harms often to the sick, and sometime it cannot be availed during journey and that, which is available, is necessary to be kept for drinking purpose. In such conditions, if the time of any prayer begins, then what should we do? In this verse, it has been clarified that in such situation, you should do Tayammum. (Purify yourself before prayer with sand or dust when water cannot be had) 

After intending to acquire pureness, palms of both hands should be spread and kept on pure earth. Then raise both hands and turn them over the face fully. Put both hands again on the earth and after raising them, left hand palm should be turned over the right hand from fingers up to elbow, and palm of right hand – on the left hand from fingers to elbow thoroughly. That’s all, the Tayammum (Purifying before prayer with sand or dust when water cannot be had) has been completed and now you can worship and offer prayer.

Due to eating and drinking, a human being needs to go to closet (latrine) and sometimes gas etc. exhausts from its stomach. These are called little impureness. Ablution is necessary in such conditions. Then ablution is broken when either anyone cause of the above happens or some blood flows from any part of the body or someone has slept for a while. Besides this, there is another big impureness, for which ablution is not sufficient to be pure, but bathing becomes compulsory. If there is need of ablution and taking bath (both), but use of water is impossible, then Tayammum (Purifying before prayer with sand or dust when water cannot be had) is sufficient for the both.

     

Allah Almighty has not placed any burden in the religion for us, but He has eased for every trouble. So we should be thankful to Him and obey His Commandments.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). 

https://youtu.be/gwm1bzkBLzE

Ablution and Bathing - Quran Chapter 5 6a Pt 6 Stg 2 L–648 درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 6a (Pt-6, Stg-2) (L-648) - درس قرآن    

Ablution and Bathing

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

 يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ فَٱغْسِلُوا۟ وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى ٱلْمَرَافِقِ وَٱمْسَحُوا۟ بِرُءُوسِكُمْوَأَرْجُلَكُمْ إِلَى ٱلْكَعْبَيْنِ وَإِن كُنتُمْ جُنُبًا فَٱطَّهَّرُوا۟ (6  a  

6a.  O ye who believe! When ye rise up for prayer, wash your faces, and your hands up to the elbows, and lightly rub your heads and (wash) your feet up to the ankles. And if ye are unclean, then purify yourselves.

6a.  Yaaa-‘ayyu-hallaziina  ‘aamanuuu  ‘izaa  qumtum  ‘ilas-Salaati  fag-siluu  wujuu-ha-kum  wa  ‘ay-diyakum  ‘ilal-maraafiqi  wam-sahuu  bi-ru-‘uusikum  wa  ‘arju-lakum  ‘ilal-ka’-bayn.  Wa  ‘in-  kuntum  junuban-  fat-tahharuu.

    Commentary

Wam-sahuu – (and rub lightly), it is from masah, which means ‘to touch anything with hand, to caress hand on something’.

‘Al-ka’-bayn – (the ankles), it is plural of ka’-b, Ka’-b means a thing, which is risen or grown and seems separate from its surrounding. Here it aims ‘the excited parts of the foot from both sides, which are called ankles’.

Junuban – (unclean), it is from janaabat, which means ‘such condition of the body, when taking a bath becomes compulsory’.

The Muslims were ordered in the beginning of this chapter (Surah) that they should fulfill all the duties and obey the commandments of Allah Almighty. Then it was told that all good things have been made lawful for them. They can use them pleasantly. Likewise, they should marry the women and enjoy the pleasures of the world, remaining in the determined limits of Allah Almighty. But they were warned at the end that being entangled every time in the pleasures of the world drives away the humankind from the spiritual pleasures and makes the light of Belief foggy. Therefore, they should continue offering the prayer, presenting themselves in the court of Allah Almighty, at prescribed times, so that their faith may remain fresh and they may be saved from the loss in the Hereafter.

But the lawful pleasures too do not spare the human being to be able even to be present in the prayer straight forward. Therefore, before offering the prayer, they should purify themselves. If there is no need to take a bath, then they can do ablution only. That is to say; they should wash their hands first including wrist, then rinse the mouth and clean the teeth thoroughly, after that; clean the nose and pour the water into it, then wash entire face with water and both arms up to elbows, and rub their head lightly as turning over their hands duly freshly wetted, and at the end wash their feet up to the ankles.

Then it has been described that if bathing is incumbent, then only ablution is not sufficient for prayer at that time. But it is compulsory to wash entire body thoroughly with water. Three acts are necessary while taking bath:

1.    Rinsing the mouth and pouring the water up to the throat.

2.    Cleaning the nose and causing to reach the water up to the soft bone.

3.    Washing the human’s entire body thoroughly with water.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). 

https://youtu.be/UBzKys9sGNk