A Bribe - Quran Chapter 2- 188b (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-229) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 188b (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-229) - درس قرآن

A Bribe

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

  وَتُدْلُوا۟ بِهَآ إِلَى ٱلْحُكَّامِ لِتَأْكُلُوا۟ فَرِيقًا مِّنْ أَمْوَٰلِ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلْإِثْمِ وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ (188  b) 

188b.  Nor seek by it to gain the hearing of the judges that ye may knowingly devour a portion of the property of others wrongfully.

188b.  Wa tudluu bihaaa ‘ilal-huk-kaami  li-ta’-kuluu  fariiqam-min  ‘amwaalin-naasi  bil-‘ismi  wa  ‘antum  ta’-lamuun.

Commentary

Tudluu – this word has come out from ‘adlaaa’, which means “putting a bucket in the well, causing anything anywhere” or the meaning “making it a source” can also be taken from it. Actually it aims that you should neither seek to gain by giving money or any other valuable thing to the officials for getting their favor and nor put affect on the rulers/officers by means of bribing them or giving them property as financial gifts for approaching and reaping unlawful advantage.

Fariiqan – (a part, a portion or a share), it also means any group or party, but here it has been used as a portion or a part.

Bil-‘ismi – (unjust, untrue), all kinds of mistakes, errors, omissions or evils are included in the meanings of the word ‘ism.

For justice, equity and security of the rights of the people in society, Holy Qur’an has forced here on two things:

1.   If anybody intends to put affect on the rulers and officials, and wins their influence by means of tributes, presents, gifts, holding feasts and bribe, and uses all other likewise means, these entire are unlawful, because doing so, the rulers may become partial and supporter. The balance of the justice is bent, existence of the truth-loving and justice ends, tyranny and rights destruction becomes common, false claims, false documents, liar evidences, false oath forms and slinking away from the true talk - becomes common. Due to these evils - corruption in the society spreads and the ratio of slaughtering and killing increases. This law has been made to be saved from all these evils because it is necessary to keep the rulers/officials neutral, just-lovers and partial of the right, so that none may try to tempt the officials with his property/wealth.

2.   Holy Qur’an has commanded us that due to every individual’s conscience, the mankind inclines towards goodness in every matter and business/money dealings and his heart reproaches him due to evil. It is clear that, however; the matters will be decided by the best court and the best just ruler according to situation of the law-suit and evidence of the witnesses, and it is possible - to err and slip into them. So, in spite of the decision of any Justice or Ruler, actual guilty may be saved from penalty according to their view and the evil-doer from punishment of his evil. But the conscience of the human being can not deceive him on the condition that he would not have killed his conscience by pressing it again and again.

It has come in the Sayings that once; the Messenger of Allah Almighty (Grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) commanded that whenever any case is brought unto Me, the plaintiff proves it correct while the Right is on the other side, I decide according to the statement. But he should understand that unlawfully devouring the property of any other person is just like getting the Fire.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/ptppxv9fkv4

The unlawful property - Quran Chapter 2- 188a (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-228) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 188a (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-228) - درس قرآن

The unlawful property

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

  وَلَاتَأْكُلُوٓا۟ أَمْوَٰلَكُم بَيْنَكُم بِٱلْبَٰطِلِ (188   a) 

188a.  And eat not up your property among yourselves in vanity,

188a.  Wa  laa  ta’-kuluu  ‘am-waalakum-   bay-nakum-  bil-baa-tili

Commentary

Laa  ta’-kuluu – (do not eat) this word has been originated from the word ‘akala which means ‘to eat’. Technically it doesn’t mean only ‘to eat’ but it also signifies to use the property of any other after getting it unlawfully.

‘Am-waalakum – (property of one another) the entire Muslims are being addressed and here it doesn’t mean ‘your property’ but it aims ‘the property of one another all of you’.

Bay-nakum – (mutually themselves) the wise people have told that the circle of this word is very spacious. This command is not limited only for the property of the Muslims; it also means the property of the entire human beings, whether they are Muslims or Infidels, getting the property of any individual with treachery, deception, oppression or in vanity is illegal and unlawful.  

Bil-baa-tili – (unjustly, unfairly) it aims every illegal manner of the possession of others’ property. There can be many forms of it but the lawful method is only one. The way, which will be adopted except this one, will be considered unlawful and unjust.

It was intended from the obligation of the fasts that the spirit of the people of the nation should become pure, habit of leaving the usage of lawful things may grow first of all into them and gaining the willingness of God Almighty, so that it may become easier for them to leave the unlawfully gotten property in future and they should refrain entirely from it.

Living collectively and mixing up with one another; and the need of exchanging the things is certain. So it is commanded: And eat not up your property among yourselves in vanity (you should not try to snatch the property of any other individual in vanity during mutual money dealings), you should give up plundering, entangling in gambling, getting the property with deception, fraud, cleverness or other unfair means, like this, the charges of singing and playing upon musical instruments, business of wine, for example; making, buying and selling it etc. bribing, false evidence, embezzlement in trust, eating up the property of weak and helpless people in vanity, all at once because these are unfair means. The human beings should ward off these evils.

The Holy Qur’an has left its decision usually on the people’s own conscience that every individual should feel his responsibility at his own, correct his behavior and character, have fear of his act’ accounts in his mind, every matter be dealt with honesty and trust, so that the government may interfere only in the proper and particular matters, which are necessary for her.

Abridgment of this verse is: It is not the only goodness to leave the pure and lawful things during the month of Ramadan but the real goodness is to leave eating up and getting unlawful property of others forever. Acquire never any one’s property with deception, fraud, dishonest, tyranny, oppression or unjust. Taking bribe and illegal gifts are unlawful. As the spirit of the Muslims will become pure with the fasting; like this; their deeds and acts will become nice by following these commands also. It will affect blessed on morality, social deeds, politics, and justice; as well as; every field of life.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/RaayDPW3YE4

The limits imposed by Allah - Quran Chapter 2- 187e (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-227) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 187e (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-227) - درس قرآن

The limits imposed by Allah

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

تِلْكَ حُدُودُ ٱللَّهِ فَلَا تَقْرَبُوهَا كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ (187   e) 

187e.  These are the limits imposed by Allah, so approach them not. Thus Allah expoundeth His Revelation to mankind that they may ward off (evil).

187e.  Tilka  huduudullahi  falaa taq-rabuuhaa.  Kazaalika  yubay-yinullaahu  ‘Aayaatihii  linnaasi  la-‘allahum  yatta-quun.

Commentary

Tilka (These) it indicates unto those six/seven commands which have been expounded in the earlier lessons.

Huduudun – (plural of Hadd which means limits) it aims the limits of the codes and regulations imposed by God Almighty that those should not be crossed; as pressed again and again in the Holy Qur’an.

‘Aayaat – (Verses, commands, customs, rules and regulations)

Holy Qur’an has explained all concerning rules and regulations after discussing about the blessings, being the fast an obligation, the necessities and codes regarding restraining in the mosque. Now it has been warned in this last piece of this verse that the entire laws, principles, limits and prohibitions have been imposed by God Almighty.

It will not be an ordinary thing to turn from them and disobey. Moreover, God Almighty has exposed them, Who has the Knowledge and Philosophy. His Guidance and Commands are rightful, based on advisability, and guarantor of betterment and success. This world and the Hereafter will become better with their execution and following. Disobedience and refusal from them will become forerunner of ruin and destruction. So none should cross these limits and should remain within the imposed limits of Him.

As God Almighty has expounded in detail about the commands regarding the fasting, its limits, timings, restraining in mosque and other concerning matters, like this; He commands about remaining orders for mankind’s betterment and prosperity in detail. Fear of God, control of the passions, spirit of obeying and obedience, sincerity and sacrifice, chastity and honesty, good nature and well wishing will grow in the human being due to abiding by these rules strongly.

Any individual cannot establish himself any path for his expedience and betterment due to less sense nature. He needs instructions of a Sage and Excellent Life, an Aggregate Scholar and an Absolute Master, Who is One i.e. God Almighty. He has guided us towards the success and prosperity with His extremely Kindness. So we should go on the Straight Path without hesitation and get the real object.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/dM81D94Cq40

Commandments regarding devotions - Quran Chapter 2- 187d (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-226) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 187d (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-226) - درس قرآن

Commandments regarding devotions

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

وَلَا تُبَٰشِرُوهُنَّ وَأَنتُمْ عَٰكِفُونَ فِى ٱلْمَسَٰجِدِ (187  d) 

187d.  And touch them not, but be at your devotions in the mosques.

187d.  Wa  laa tubaashi-ruuhunna  wa  ‘an-tum  ‘aakifuuna, fil-masaajid.

Commentary

Laa tubaashi-ruuhunna – (touch the wives not), here the word ‘to go in unto the wives’ has been used in the spacious meanings, that is to say, not only to stop committing a sexual intercourse but kissing and bugging is also forbidden during curbing one’s passion from religious motives continuing in the mosque (Staying in the mosque and thinking of God Almighty) particularly during the third ‘Ashrah of the month of Ramadan.

‘Aakifuuna – (to be at devotions), its literal meanings are “to keep oneself preventing from the use of anything or make something necessary over oneself. Technically it means ‘endowing oneself for worship, Restraining in the mosque’

Another command has been revealed regarding the fasting: Don’t go in unto your wives while you are being at your devotions in mosque. Some more necessary commandments regarding “’i’-tikaaf” (being at devotions in mosque) are stated below:

It is necessary for the people who have to be at devotions in the Mosque, that they should remain in the mosques every time during that period, also eat, drink, sleep and wake there. They may come out from the mosque only at the time of bodily and lawful needs. The minimum period for the devotions is one day and there is no limit for excessive period. It is declared from the word fil-masaajid that the Restraining should always be in the mosques. However, it can be observed by the women in any corner of the home instead of the mosques.  

Conversation is lawful during the Restraining on the condition that it should not be against the reverence of the mosque and the respect of the devotions.

It was the habit of the Messenger of God Almighty (peace be upon Him) that He used to be at His devotions in the Mosque whole days during the last ‘Ashrah of the month of Ramadan and broke His entire relation from the worldly matters. So Restraining in the mosque is reasonable practice of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon Him), which means that if anyone individual out of a ward observes this practice then other entire persons will not be liable.

Restraining has many advantages – there is no other method to become fresh for the purpose of belief and to achieve the spiritual strength, because during that period the mankind passes his time continuously in worship and obedience. He remains in solitude and loneliness.

We should follow this practice of the Messenger of God Almighty (Grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), get the light of faith, achieve the vicinity of God Almighty, be entitled of pleasure of the Messenger Muhammad (peace be upon Him) and purify ourselves completely at the very least a few days, break the relation with worldly matters for some time and attend to the Real Worshiped.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/MSWEAg54FZ0

Timings of a Fast - Quran Chapter 2- 187c (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-225) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 187c (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-225) - درس قرآن

Timings of a Fast

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

وَكُلُوا۟ وَٱشْرَبُوا۟ حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ ٱلْخَيْطُ ٱلْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ ٱلْخَيْطِ ٱلْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ ٱلْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّوا۟ٱلصِّيَامَ إِلَى ٱلَّيْلِ 187  c)

187c.  And eat and drink until the white thread becometh distinct to you from the black thread of the dawn. Then strictly observe the fast till nightfall.

187c.  Wa  kuluu  wash-rabuu  hattaa  yata-bayyana  lakumul-khaytul-‘abyazu  minal-khaytil-‘aswadi  minal-Fajr.  Summa  ‘atimmus-Siyaama  ‘ilal-layl.

Commentary

Al-Fajr – (the dawn) it does not mean the false dawn but that is the light of early in the morning which can be seen some time later than just before daybreak, while the light begins to spread towards east and the west, that is called ‘dawn of the day’. Till that time food may be taken for fasting. Taking meals has been much appreciated in the Sayings of Messenger (Grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) during the last time. The Messenger of Allah Almighty (peace be upon Him) commanded that Bilaal (May Allah be pleased on him) calls very early (during false dawn) for preparing the people for prayer, so don’t stop eating on his call (Azaan) or looking only light in the north and south. Moreover consider reliable spreading of the light.

Once Omar (May Allah be pleased on him) instructed that care to eat and drink at the time of fasting is necessary when morning light becomes clear on the paths and peaks of the hills.

‘Al-layl – (the nightfall), night in Arabia begins immediately at the end of the day and sunset, so the next date of Islamic Calendar begins immediately after the sunset. On the contrary, the date of solar year is changed after passing the midnight. ‘ilal-layl (till nightfall) means “break the fast as soon as the night enters”. It does not mean to keep the fast till spreading the darkness of the night.  

Before this commandment, the Muslims used to sleep after breaking the fast. Then they did not use to eat anything till next evening. They have been permitted to eat, drink and sleep with their wives after breaking the fast till the light of early in the morning.

It is another concession and facility which was bestowed afterward that it is permitted to eat and drink till the time the white thread becomes distinct from the black thread of the dawn and then the fast will be observed the entire day after finishing the time of taking meals for fasting till the sun sets and the darkness begins to spread.

It is found also from this commandment that without taking meals for a fast and breaking it continuously is odious. Islam teaches us the path of temperance, does not like severity and strictness. So we should follow the manner which has been established by Allah strictly and which concessions have been given; we should reap advantage from them.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/rTOXxFGg0qI

Aim of copulation - Quran Chapter 2- 187b (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-224) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 187b (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-224) - درس قرآن

Aim of copulation

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

 عَلِمَ ٱللَّهُ أَنَّكُمْ كُنتُمْ تَخْتَانُونَ أَنفُسَكُمْ فَتَابَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَعَفَاعَنكُمْ فَٱلْـَٰٔنَ بَٰشِرُوهُنَّ وَٱبْتَغُوا۟ مَا كَتَبَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمْ (187   b)

187b.  Allah is aware that ye were deceiving yourselves in this respect and He hath turned in mercy towards you and relieved you. So hold intercourse with them and seek that which Allah hath ordained for you,

187b.  ‘AlimAllaahu  ‘annakum  kuntum    takhtaanuuna  ‘anfusakum  fataaba  ‘alaykum  wa  ‘afaa  ‘an-kum.  Fal-‘aana  baashiruu-hunna  wabtaguu  maa  katabAllaahu  lakum,

Commentary

Takhtaanuuna  ‘anfusakum – (you were deceiving yourselves), some weak Muslims used to convict themselves of deception.

Baashiruu-hunna – (hold intercourse with your wives)

In the above lesson, it has been described that in the beginning of Islam, the Muslims did not use to go in unto their wives during the nights of the fast like the People of the Scripture. But some of them could not control themselves and either broke this restriction due to being subdued of their sexual feelings or grew desire and intention of deception in the heart of someone. God Almighty cleared this matter and permitted to hold intercourse with their wives also like eating and drinking at night.

‘Abtaguu  maa  katabAllaahu  lakum – (seek that which Allah hath ordained for you) ‘abtagaa’ means to try to get and seek for anything. maa  katabAllahu  lakum (which Allah hath ordained for you). It indicates towards ‘the children’ and breed which is a cause of production in the consequence of intercourse.

In addition to the permission, a warning has also been given. That is to say; the purpose of going in unto wives should be to produce the children. Although someone gets natural taste also from the act of intercourse but Islam has kept the real and bigger object from this act which is attainment of the children and augmentation of the breed, so that the relish of an individual may become the cause of collective gain.

It has become evident from this guidance of Holy Qur’an that birth control and pregnancy prohibition etc. all are the wrongful and unlawful paths. It is the natural result of holding intercourse. One should keep hope of it and wait for it. Only the sensuality has no object.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/R9QO3jhFfBU

Relationship of husband and wife - Quran Chapter 2- 187a (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-223) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 187a (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-223) - درس قرآن

Relationship of husband and wife

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ ٱلصِّيَامِ ٱلرَّفَثُ إِلَىٰ نِسَآئِكُمْ هُنَّ لِبَاسٌ لَّكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لِبَاسٌ لَّهُنَّ (187  a)

187a.  It is made lawful for you to go in unto your wives on the night of the fast. They are raiment for you and ye are raiment for them.

187a.  ‘U-hilla  lakum  laylatas-Siyaamir-rafasu  ‘ilaa  nisaaa-‘i-kum.  Hunna  libaasul-lakum  wa  ‘antum  libaasul-lahunn.

Commentary

‘Ar-rafasu – (to go in unto (wives), literal meaning of the word rafasa is ‘the speech or talk which excite sexual feelings and sensual wishes. Here it means ‘to sleep together of husband and wife for intercourse’.

You know that Commandments of the Divine Religion of Islam were revealed slowly and gradually. Like the people of the Scripture (the Children of Israel), the Muslims also used to refrain from committing sexual intercourse with their wives after sleeping at night during the month of Ramadan. It has been softened by means of this verse, and permitted that they can perform sexual intercourse with their wives at night.

It discloses that Islam doesn’t desire to cause to suffer entirely the wishes and feelings of mankind. Moreover, it desires to put the entire works in order and according to the Will of God Almighty. We should do any work when Allah Almighty wills and stop doing it when it is forbidden by Him because He understands best about our betterment and expedience. We don’t know about profit and loss of ourselves.

Besides the fasting, there is no restriction for husband and wife during day and night. But it is forbidden in the day time during the fasting. If anybody disobeys this commandment, he will either keep the fasts for sixty days continuously as punishment of one broken fast or set free a slave or feed sixty poor persons as the case may be.  

Libaasun – (raiment, clothing), it has been revealed about close relationship of husband and wife commanding them as clothing of one  another which is an inference among the relationship of them with the permission of God Almighty. This example of raiment exists in many forms, for instance; their close relationship between them, their need of each other, their perfect bodily nearness, grace and beauty for one another, and being reason of satisfaction and facility, best of all that, is concealing blemishes of each other also, being perfect trusty of one another.  

Please think that how much things have been made for one to understand; by using the one word Libaasun ‘the raiment’. It is necessary for husband and wife (both) that they should prove themselves clothing (confident), trustworthy, secret keepers, hearty rest provider and cause of pleasure for each other.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/yB3fvbbtsZA