Introduction of Chapter Three - Quran Chapter 3- Intro (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-358) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 3- Intro (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-358) - درس قرآن

Introduction of Chapter Three

Surah ‘Aali-‘Im-raan (The Family of ‘Imran) – Chptr – 3)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

This Surah was revealed at Madinah. It contains 200 verses and 20 Sections. In Surah Al-Baqarah, especially the children of Israel were addressed, but in this Surah direction of speech is towards the Christians. According to the Sayings of God’s last Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him), this Surah has also many virtues like Surah Al-Baqrah.

One narration about the purpose of revelation of this Surah is copied. When Messenger of Islam (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) immigrated to  Madinah, the Light of true religion spread near and at distance. Nevertheless, the Jews who lived in the surroundings of  Madinah denied the true religion after its revelation by Allah. One group of the Christians came from Najraan for augment and debate. Najraan is a place in the territory of Yemen in the south of Arab. During those days, there was much population of the Christians in Najraan. This group had fourteen well-known persons. From them, three were most famous:  

1.    Abdul Masiih Aaqib        -  due to chief-ship and wealth.

2.    Eiham al-Sayyad           -  due to judgment and management

3.    Abu Haarisah bin Aqlamah - due to being a religious scholar

The 3^rd individual belonged actually to the notorious tribe of the Arab “Bani Bakr bin Waayel”. The kings of Rome used to honor and regard him with respect; keeping in view his knowledge about the religion, grandeur and nobility. They built churches spending much wealth and appointed him on a superior rank of religious matters. These people reached Madinah and discussed in detail with the Messenger of Islam (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him). 

Holy Qur’an appealed the learned persons in this auspicious Surah for concordance and mutual aid, and if they cannot be partners in other matters, even then; they should join at least for preaching about Oneness of God and its dissemination because it is a mutual aim of all of us.

The entire Prophets of God (peace be upon them) came in this world with only one purpose. In this connection, the Messenger of Islam (grace, glory, blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) is the last link of this chain. His nation is owner of perfection and evidence with the title of “Well Nation”. Therefore, this last nation of the world was informed about its duties and responsibilities along with this description. Moreover, it warned that it should avoid those matters, which became causes of destruction of the earlier nations. 

Two important incidents of Islamic history, their causes and results have been analyzed in the last part of this Chapter i.e. the Battle of Badr, which was fought in 2^nd AH and the Battle of Uhud in 3^rd AH. That part of Surah ‘Aali-‘Im-raan needs special attention.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/6DzFPmtnQV4

A review on Suratul Baqarah - Quran Chapter 2- Summary (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-357) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- Summary (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-357) - درس قرآن

A review on Suratul Baqarah

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

لَا يُكَلِّفُ ٱللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا ٱكْتَسَبَتْ رَبَّنَا لَاتُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا رَبَّنَا وَلَا تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَآ إِصْرًا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُۥ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِنَا رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِۦ وَٱعْفُ عَنَّاوَٱغْفِرْ لَنَا وَٱرْحَمْنَآ أَنتَ مَوْلَىٰنَا فَٱنصُرْنَا عَلَى ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ 286

Praise be to Allah! Explanation of Suratul Baqarah (Chapter 2) has been ended. It seems suitable that we should review once again, the topics and their meanings mentioned in this Chapter.

In the beginning of this Chapter, guidance and success of the mankind, and different human classes were mentioned. Immediately after it, Deputyship of Adam (peace be upon him), history of the Children of Israel, important and necessary conditions and circumstances of Abraham’s (peace be upon him) Religious Belief were explained, so that the Muslims should take warning from those errors and should not involve in such evils, which were reasons of the destruction of ancient nations.

After teaching distinction among lawful and unlawful, good and evil, a collective concept of goodness was given. And problems of social life were discussed, for example, the law of retaliation and the last will etc. Along with it, teachings about a Fast, Pilgrimage and Jihad were delivered. Then intention was drawn unto important matters of family life, for example; marriage, divorce, ‘iddat (the term of probation incumbent upon a woman in consequence of a dissolution of marriage either by divorce or by the death of her husband), education of children, rights of husband and wife, and other concerning matters.

Then after describing from the history of the Children of Israel, Prophet David (peace be upon him), incident of Saul and Goliath, some points of advice and exhortation were produced. After ‘Aayatul-Kursii (a great verse of this Chapter), reality of Belief and Disbelief was explained, and in this connection, some occurrences in the blessed life of Messenger Abraham (peace be upon him) were described.

In the last part of the Chapter, particular attention was drawn towards “Spending in the Way of Allah”, and in this regard, many examples were given.

The usury was determined as forbidden and it was commanded that the writing and evidence are necessary for the purpose of honesty and elegance in trade.

The Chapter ended at important Prayers, which have been mentioned in the previous lesson.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/xvXBAJdx8pU

The Prayers - Quran Chapter 2- 286 (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-356) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 286 (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-356) - درس قرآن

The Prayers

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

لَا يُكَلِّفُ ٱللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا ٱكْتَسَبَتْ رَبَّنَا لَاتُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا رَبَّنَا وَلَا تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَآ إِصْرًا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُۥ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِنَا رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِۦ وَٱعْفُ عَنَّاوَٱغْفِرْ لَنَا وَٱرْحَمْنَآ أَنتَ مَوْلَىٰنَا فَٱنصُرْنَا عَلَى ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ 286

   

286.  Allah tasketh not a soul beyond its scope. For it (is only) that which it hath earned, and against it (only) that which it hath deserved. Our Lord! Call us not to account if we forget, or miss the mark, our Lord! Lay not on us such a burden as Thou didst lay on those before us! Our Lord! Impose not on us that which we have not the strength to bear! And pardon us, and absolve us and have mercy on us. Thou, art our Protector, so give us victory over the disbelieving folk.

286.  Laa  yukalli-  fUllaahu  naf-san  ‘illaa  wus- ‘ahaa.  Lahaa  maa  kasabat  wa  ‘alay-haa  mak-tasabat.  Rabbanaa  laa  tu- ‘aa- khiznaaa  ‘in-nasiinaaa  ‘aw  ‘akhta’-naa.  Rabbanaa  wa  laa  tahmil  ‘alay-naaa  ‘isran-  kamaa  hamaltahuu  ‘alal-laziina  min-qab-linaa.  Rabbanaa  wa  laa  tuhammil-naa  maa  laa  taaqata  lanaa  bih.  Wa’-fu  ‘annaa,  wag-fir-lanaa,  war-ham-naa.  ‘Anta  Mawlaa-naa  fan-sur-naa  ‘alal-qaw-mil-Kaafiriin.

  

Commentary

It is the last verse of this Surah. Allah Almighty commanded that retribution of good or wicked deeds would be awarded to every person corresponding to his/her acts, behavior and conduct. If any individual did good, he/she will surely receive its remuneration, and if anybody committed bad, evil or sin, certainly he/she will be awarded its punishment. Then Allah Almighty taught following supplications: 

1. Rabbanaa  laa  tu- ‘aa- khiznaaa  ‘in-nasiinaaa  ‘aw  ‘akhta’-naa. (Our Lord! Call us not to account if we forget, or miss the mark).

2. Rabbanaa  wa  laa  tahmil  ‘alay-naaa  ‘isran-  kamaa  hamaltahuu  ‘alal-laziina  min-qab-linaa. (Our Lord! Lay not on us such a burden as You placed on those before us).

3. Rabbanaa  wa  laa  tuhammil-naa  maa  laa  taaqata  lanaa  bih. (Our Lord! Impose not on us that which we have not the strength to bear).

4. Wa’-fu  ‘annaa,  wag-fir-lanaa,  war-ham-naa. (And pardon us, and absolve us and have mercy on us).

5. ‘Anta  Mawlaa-naa  fan-sur-naa  ‘alal-qaw-mil-Kaafiriin. (You are our Protector, so give us victory over the disbelieving folk).

‘Aamiin. (Our Lord! So kindly be it).

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah, which is the longest Surah of Holy Qur’an, ends after the above supplications.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/YOLzlKwACUU

Parts of Belief - Quran Chapter 2- 285 (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-355) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 285 (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-355) - درس قرآن

Parts of Belief

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

ءَامَنَ ٱلرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِۦ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَلَٰٓئِكَتِهِۦ وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَرُسُلِهِۦ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِّنرُّسُلِهِۦ وَقَالُوا۟ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ ٱلْمَصِيرُ 285

  

285.  The Messenger believeth in that which hath been revealed unto him from his Lord and (so do) believers. Each one believeth in Allah and His angels and His Scriptures and His messengers. We make no distinction between any of His messengers. And they say: We hear, and we obey. (Grant us) Thy forgiveness, our Lord, and unto Thee is the journeying.

285.  ‘Aa-manar-Rasuulu  bi-maaa  ‘un-zila  ‘ilay-hi  mir-Rab-bihii wal-Mu’-minuun. Kul-lun  ‘aa-mana  Billaahi  wa  ma-laaa-‘ikati-Hii  wa  kutubiHii  wa  rusuliH.  Laa  nufarriqu  bay-na  ‘ahadim-mir-rusuliH.  Wa  qaaluu  sami’-naa  wa  ‘ata’-naa.  Gufraanaka  Rabbanaa  wa  ‘ilayKal-masiir.

  

Commentary

‘Aa-manar-Rasuulu – “The Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace of Allah Almighty be upon him) believed”. First Believers in their Prophet-hood are the Prophets and Messengers (peace be upon them) Themselves.

‘Aa-mana  Billaahi – (believed in Allah), intention to believe in Allah Almighty is to confirm, to testify and to verify His Oneness, Virtues and Good Manners.

According to the narrations, purpose of revealing this verse is that, when the verse before it was revealed, “And whether ye make known what is in your minds or hide it, Allah will bring you to account for it”, then the Companions (Razii-Allaahu ‘anhum wa  ra-zuu ‘Anhu) of the last Messenger, Muhammad (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) frightened and were confounded. They made mention to the Messenger of Allah (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), then He (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) commanded, “Quuluu  sami’-naa  wa  ‘ata’-naa” (Say: We hear, and we obey) that is to say; Do not hesitate even a particle to admit the orders of Allah Almighty, as you see much difficulty or intricacy in His Commands and Instructions. Moreover, you should be ready to obey with stability.

The Companions (Razii-Allaahu ‘anhum wa  ra-zuu ‘Anhu) obeyed the Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), then following words were current on their tongues impatient, “We believed in Allah and we obeyed His orders. That is to say, we are ready to obey and act upon the commands of Allah Almighty without any hesitation. Allah Almighty liked it very much and then this verse was revealed, which has been described in this lesson.

God Almighty praised the Belief of His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) and his Companions (Razii-Allaahu ‘anhum wa  ra-zuu ‘Anhu), due to which their hearts were satisfied. The Companions (Razii-Allaahu ‘anhum wa   ra-zuu ‘Anhu) said: We make no distinction between any of His messengers (peace be upon Them), moreover we admit all of them as the Prophet and Messenger of God Almighty, not that we believe in some of them and do not believe in others. We have full faith that we have to return unto You and attend Your Court. This perception of responsibility before Allah Almighty teaches the humankind goodness and fear of God Almighty.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/bMUKFAqJBoU

Allah will bring to account - Quran Chapter 2- 284 (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-354) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 284 (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-354) - درس قرآن

Allah will bring to account

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

لِّلَّهِ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَإِن تُبْدُوا۟ مَا فِىٓ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبْكُم بِهِ ٱللَّهُ فَيَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّشَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ 284

  

284.  Unto Allah (belongeth) whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the   earth. And whether ye make known what is in your minds or hide it, Allah will bring you to account for it. He will forgive whom He will and He will punish   whom He will. And Allah is Able to do all things.

284.  Lillaahi  maa  fis-samaa-waati  wa  maa  fil-’arz.  Wa  ‘in-  tubduu  maa  fiii  ‘an-fusikum  ‘aw  tukh-fuuhu  yuhaa-sibkum-  biHillaah.  Fa-yag-firu  limany-yashaaa- ‘u  wa  yu- ‘azzibu  many-yashaaa’-  Wallaahu  ‘alaa  kulli  shay-‘in- Qadiir.

   

Commentary

Last section (Rakuu’) of Surah (Chapter) Baqarah (The Cow) begins from this verse. It is a Style of Explanation of the Holy Qur’aan that original sense of each Surah is repeated at its end. Moreover, at the end of every verse, any particular word comes out of the Attributes of Allah Almighty, which manifests the text of the entire verse. In addition, this matter is also included in the arrangement of the Word of Allah Almighty that It describes over and over in between the different orders and instructions as Belief in Allah, Fear of God and Faith in the Day of Resurrection.

In this connection, more part is extending over the financial matters. In the beginning, emphasis and incitement is for spending in the Way of Allah Almighty. The badness has been indicated after describing the matter by means of different similitude in a pleasant manner, which is the biggest stoppage in this Path of Goodness. That is to say, unlawful earning in the form of Usury Business, besides this, turning in Trading and dishonesty make a man hardhearted and unfortunate. Therefore, evidence and the writing (an agreement, etc) are determined particularly necessary.

At the end, it is commanded that the entire property, assets and wealth, creatures of the world – earth and skies belong unto Allah Almighty. If you will spend something for His pleasure and in accord with His order, then there is neither any beneficence of yours, nor you will suffer any kind of shortage in your wealth. He will bring you to account for your external, internal and everything. He has full control over deliverance and torment, and He is Able to do all things.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/0dpQEJjz_fk

Instructions about a pledge - Quran Chapter 2- 283 (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-353) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 283 (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-353) - درس قرآن

Instructions about a pledge

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَإِن كُنتُمْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ وَلَمْ تَجِدُوا۟ كَاتِبًا فَرِهَٰنٌ مَّقْبُوضَةٌ فَإِنْ أَمِنَ بَعْضُكُم بَعْضًا فَلْيُؤَدِّ ٱلَّذِى ٱؤْتُمِنَأَمَٰنَتَهُۥ وَلْيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُۥ وَلَا تَكْتُمُوا۟ ٱلشَّهَٰدَةَ وَمَن يَكْتُمْهَا فَإِنَّهُۥٓ ءَاثِمٌ قَلْبُهُۥ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ 283

  

283.  If ye be on a journey and cannot find a scribe, then a pledge in hand (shall suffice). And if one of you entrusteth to another let him who is trusted deliver up that which is entrusted to him (according to the pact between them) and let him observe his duty to Allah, his Lord. And hide not testimony. And he, who hideth it, verily his heart is sinful. And Allah is Aware of what ye do.

283.  Wa  ‘in-kuntum  ‘alaa  safarinw-wa  lam  taji-duu  kaatiban  fari-haanum-maq-buuzah.  Fa- ‘in  ‘a-mina  ba’-zukum  ba’-zan-  fal-yu- ‘addil-lazi’-tumina  ‘amaanatahuu  wal—yatta-QIllaaha  Rabbah.  Wa  laa  taktumush-shahaadah.  Wa  many-yaktumhaa  fa- ‘innahuuu  ‘aa-simun-  qalbuh.  WAllaahu  bimaa  ta’-maluuna  ‘Aliim.

   

Commentary

Ri-haanun -  (the things, which are pledged), the word rahn is also in common use in Urdu language. That is to say; to give something (like property, a house or assets etc.) to the lender in connection with debt as part of the loan for trust.

Particularly in this connection, one should bear in mind that reaping advantage from the thing, which has been pledged, is prohibited. If the creditor will acquire gain from the pledged thing, then it will be equal to the Interest, and according to the Divine Law, it is unlawful. Mortgage can be kept only as surety, not for reaping advantage.

yu- ‘addu – (to deliver up), this word has been derived from ‘adaa-‘un which means ‘to reimburse’, to pay, to complete.

Last Instructions in connection with inscription and evidence have been delivered in this verse. God Almighty Commanded, “If you are in the condition of journey, you do not know how to read and write, any other scribe is also not available, then you should pledge something in this condition. He should return that thing or property committed to the trust honestly, with whom the pledged thing or trust has been deposited.

Once again it has been emphasized besides this, “Never hide the evidence, otherwise you will become sinner, Allah Almighty Knows your every act and movement”.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/IBAwuDos2U0

Commands regarding Evidence - Quran Chapter 2- 282c (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-352) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 2- 282c (Pt-3, Stg-1) (L-352) - درس قرآن

Commands regarding Evidence

Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

 
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا تَدَايَنتُم بِدَيْنٍ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّىفَٱكْتُبُوهُ وَلْيَكْتُب بَّيْنَكُمْ كَاتِبٌۢ بِٱلْعَدْلِ وَلَا يَأْبَ كَاتِبٌ أَن يَكْتُبَ كَمَا عَلَّمَهُ ٱللَّهُ فَلْيَكْتُبْ وَلْيُمْلِلِ ٱلَّذِى عَلَيْهِ ٱلْحَقُّ وَلْيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُۥ وَلَا يَبْخَسْمِنْهُ شَيْـًٔا فَإِن كَانَ ٱلَّذِى عَلَيْهِ ٱلْحَقُّ سَفِيهًا أَوْ ضَعِيفًا أَوْ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَن يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُۥ بِٱلْعَدْلِ وَٱسْتَشْهِدُوا۟ شَهِيدَيْنِ مِن رِّجَالِكُمْ فَإِنلَّمْ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌ وَٱمْرَأَتَانِ مِمَّن تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءِ أَن تَضِلَّ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا ٱلْأُخْرَىٰ وَلَا يَأْبَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءُ إِذَا مَادُعُوا۟ وَلَا تَسْـَٔمُوٓا۟ أَن تَكْتُبُوهُ صَغِيرًا أَوْ كَبِيرًا إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلِهِۦ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَقْسَطُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَأَقْوَمُ لِلشَّهَٰدَةِ وَأَدْنَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَرْتَابُوٓا۟ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ تِجَٰرَةً حَاضِرَةًتُدِيرُونَهَا بَيْنَكُمْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَلَّا تَكْتُبُوهَا وَأَشْهِدُوٓا۟ إِذَا تَبَايَعْتُمْ وَلَا يُضَآرَّ كَاتِبٌ وَلَا شَهِيدٌ وَإِن تَفْعَلُوا۟ فَإِنَّهُۥ فُسُوقٌۢ بِكُمْ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَوَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌ 282

  

282c.  That is more equitable in the sight of Allah and more sure for testimony, and the best way of avoiding doubt between you; save only in the case when it is actual merchandise which ye transfer among yourselves from hand to hand. In that case it is no sin for you if ye write it not. And have witnesses when ye sell one to another, and let no harm be done to scribe or witness. If ye do (harm to them) lo! It is a sin in you. And observe your duty to Allah. And Allah is teaching you. And Allah is Knower of all things.

282c.  Zaalikum  ‘aqsatu  ‘indAllaahi  wa  ‘aqwamu  lish-shahaadati  wa  ‘adnaaa  ‘allaa  tartaabuuu  ‘illaaa  ‘an-takuuna  tijaaratan  haaziratan- tudiiruunahaa  baynakum  fa-laysa  ’alaykum  junaahun  ‘allaa  tak-tubuuhaa.  Wa  ‘ash-hiduuu  ‘izaa  tabaaya’-tum.  Wa  laa yu-zaaarra  kaatibunw-wa  laa  shahiid.  Wa  ‘in-taf-‘aluu  fa- ‘innahuu  fusuuqum-bikum.  Watta-qUllaah.  Wa  yu- ‘allimu-kumUllaah.  WAllaahu  bi-kulli  shay- ‘in  ‘Aliim.

   

Commentary

 ‘Aqsatu – (more equitable), this word has been derived from Qist, which means equity, justice. From it; is the word Muqsitun, which is an epithet of Allah Almighty, which means A Judge.

‘Aqwamu – (Who keeps More Extent), the words Qiyaamun, Qawwaamun and Qayyimun etc. have come out from its origin. ‘Aqwamu means “Who keeps everything proper (best of all)”.

Tijaaratan  haaziratan – (the merchandise which you transfer among yourselves from hand to hand). That is to say; it would not be on debt or promises, but it would be from hand to hand. In that case, it is no sin for you if you do not write it.

This verse has been running with effect from last two lessons. About bringing the trade in writing and making a witness, it has been being instructed continuously. In this last part of the verse, it is commanded: By bringing the trade in writing, no doubt and delusion will be born. However, there is no need of writing in case of trading from hand to hand. Like this, it is necessary for the scribe and witnesses also that they should act according to the justice; they must not try to harm someone. Otherwise, they will be sinners.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/siKdgRuGJ1g