Quran Chapter
4- 176 (Pt-6, Stg-1) (L-637) - درس قرآن
Remaining commands about the heritage
Suratun-Nisaaa’ (The Women) – Chapter – 4)
‘A-‘uu-zu
Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)
يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِٱللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِى ٱلْكَلَٰلَةِ إِنِ ٱمْرُؤٌا۟ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُۥ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُۥٓ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَآ إِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهَا وَلَدٌ فَإِن كَانَتَا ٱثْنَتَيْنِفَلَهُمَا ٱلثُّلُثَانِ مِمَّا تَرَكَ وَإِن كَانُوٓا۟ إِخْوَةً رِّجَالًا وَنِسَآءً فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ ٱلْأُنثَيَيْنِ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَن تَضِلُّوا۟ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌۢ(176
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176. They ask thee for a pronouncement. Say! Allah hath
pronounced for you concerning distant kindred. If a man die childless and he
have a sister, hers is half the heritage, and he would have inherited from
her had she died childless. And if there be two sisters, then theirs are
two-thirds of the heritage, and if they be brethren, men and women, unto the
male is the equivalent of the share of two females. Allah expoundeth unto you, so that ye err not. And Allah is
Knower of all things.
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176. Yastaftuunak, QuLIllaahu
yuf-tiikum fil-Kalaalah. ‘Inimru-‘un halaka
lay-sa lahuu wa-ladunw-wa lahuuu ‘ukh-tun
falahaa nisfu maa tarak. Wa huwa
yarisu-haaa ‘illam yakul-lahaa walad. Fa-‘in
kaanasna-tayni fala-humas-sulusaani mimmaa tarak.
Wa ‘in kaanuuu ‘ikh-watar-rijaa-lanw-wa
nisaaa-‘an faliz-zakari mislu hazzil-‘un-sa-yayn.
Yubayyi-nUllaahu lakum ‘an- tazilluu. Wallaahu
bi-kulli shay-‘in ’Aliim.
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Commentary
Kalaalah – (infirm and feeble), here this verse signifies towards a
person, who has only brothers and sisters, and does not have either father or
children.
Tazilluu – (you err), this word has been derived from the word zalaalat, which means ‘error’, but there is such a
situation in this composition that the people, who know Arabic language,
understand the word “no” or “not” with it. Therefore it means “Do not err” or
“You err not”.
It has been replied in this
verse about the question, “If any dead person had only own or step brothers and
sisters, and had not either father or son, then what portion of hereditary
would they get”? Brothers and sisters are of three types. Own brothers and sisters, those, who have same father and
mother, are called ‘ainii. Step-brothers
and sisters, who are brothers and sisters from the side of father only, they
are called ‘alaatii and the Brothers
or sisters by the same mother but by a different father are called ‘akhyaafii. For further detail about Kalaalah please review Lesson # 517 Verse 12b of this chapter.
Allah Almighty expounds that if there is no heir of the dead person,
other than brother and sister, then the hereditary will be given to them as
explained:
1. If the heir is only one sister, she will be given half from the
entire hereditary of her dead brother’s wealth. That is to say; if the dead
person does not have father or son, then portion from the hereditary of her
brother for her is equal to a daughter.
2. If the sister has died and the heir is only a brother, he will
be given entire wealth of his sister.
3. If the dead brother left two or more sisters living behind, they
all will get two-thirds of the total hereditary.
4. If the heirs are many mixed brothers and sisters, then entire
wealth will be distributed in to them with the ratio that each male will be
given double from each female.
Allah Almighty pronounces these points so that you may be saved from
error and be not confused at the time of distress.
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