Dowries and mutual agreement - Quran Chapter 4- 24b (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-530) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 24b (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-530) - درس قرآن

Dowries and mutual agreement

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْأَيْمَٰنُكُمْ كِتَٰبَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَأُحِلَّ لَكُم مَّا وَرَآءَ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَن تَبْتَغُوا۟ بِأَمْوَٰلِكُم مُّحْصِنِينَ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحِينَ فَمَا ٱسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهِۦ مِنْهُنَّ فَـَٔاتُوهُنَّأُجُورَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا تَرَٰضَيْتُم بِهِۦ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ٱلْفَرِيضَةِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا 24

24b.  And those of whom ye seek content (by marrying them), give unto them their dowries as a duty. And there is no sin for you in what ye do by mutual agreement after the duty (hath been done). Lo! Allah is ever Knower, Wise.

24b.  Famas-tamta’-tum-bihii  min-hunna  fa-‘aatuuhunna  ‘ujuura  hunna  fariizah.  Wa  laa  junaaha  ‘alay-kum  fiimaa  taraa-zaytum-  bihii  mim-  ba’-dil-  fariizah.  ‘Innallaaha  kaana  ‘Aliiman  Hakiimaa.

Commentary

‘As-tamta’-tum – ‘is-tamtaa’-‘un has been used as infinitive mood, which means ‘to reap advantage, to enjoy’. Here it aims living of husband and wife together in solitude for a long time.  

‘Ujuura  hunna – (their rights), ‘ujuur is plural of ‘ajr, which means wages, retaliation. Here it points towards the Mahr of the women (the dowry to be paid by the husband).

The orders regarding the dower (the money or its value resting upon the husband after marriage) have been ordained in this part of the verse. That is to say; any man married a woman and took benefit from her for a fixed duration, then it is necessary to give that woman completely amount of the dower Moreover, until the woman does not forgive it herself, the payment of the dower is essential. It has been noticed from the hindrance of the word ‘is-tamtaa’-‘un that if one has not reaped any advantage from the woman and her husband has divorced her, then the husband is not bound to pay the entire amount of dowry. Its complete detail was discussed in Surah ‘Al-Baqrah (The Cow). After that, it has been described that in determination of the dowry and its payment, increasing and decreasing the dowry is lawful with mutual agreement between husband and wife. That is to say; after fixing the amount of dower, if either the wife decreases the amount of dowry happily or the husband gives more than the specified amount of dower willingly to her wife then it is no sin. However, only the condition is that they both ‘husband and wife’ should be willing to do so mutually.

At the end, Allah Almighty directed that He knows the philosophy, all kinds of advantages and disadvantages of the human beings and His orders are full of wisdom. Betterment and prosperity for the people is hidden in obedience of His commands in the world and the Hereafter, and if they disobey His orders then there will be failure in the world and disgrace in the Hereafter.

Relationship of husband and wife is a very important matter. Dependence of the continuance of human generation (and perfect growth and education of the children) is connected with the mutual pleasant relationship and assistance between both of them. Only their strong relationship is the origin of prosperity and well-being of the children. Therefore, it is essential to understand and act upon the laws, which Allah Almighty has described in Holy Qur’an.

It has come to know from this verse that the determination of dowry is a necessary thing for the nuptial and its payment is incumbent on the man.

  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/oEp_eYerhyM

Condition for a marriage - Quran Chapter 4- 24a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-529) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 24a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-529) - درس قرآن

Condition for a marriage

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْأَيْمَٰنُكُمْ كِتَٰبَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَأُحِلَّ لَكُم مَّا وَرَآءَ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَن تَبْتَغُوا۟ بِأَمْوَٰلِكُم مُّحْصِنِينَ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحِينَ فَمَا ٱسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهِۦ مِنْهُنَّ فَـَٔاتُوهُنَّأُجُورَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا تَرَٰضَيْتُم بِهِۦ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ٱلْفَرِيضَةِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا 24

24a.  And all married women (are forbidden unto you) save those (captives) whom your right hands possess. It is a Decree of Allah for you. And lawful unto you are all beyond those mentioned, so that ye seek them with your wealth in honest wedlock, not debauchery.

24a.  WAL-MUHSANAATU  minan-nisaaa-‘i  ‘illaa  maa  malakat ‘ay-maanukum   Kitaaballaahi  ‘alay-kum.  Wa  ‘uhilla  lakum-maa  waraaa-‘a  zaalikum  ‘an-tab-taguu  bi-‘amwaali-kum-muhsi-niina  gayra  musaa-fihiin.

Commentary

MUHSANAATUN  - It is plural of Muhsanatun. It aims the woman who is proper wife of any man and her husband is present (the married women).

muhsi-niina  – It is plural of muhsinun. That is to say; the man, who makes a woman properly his wife through nuptial knot.

maa  malakat ‘ay-maanukum  – (whom your right hands possess) maa (whom), malakat (came in possession) ‘ay-maanukum (your right hands), possession of right hands means those bondwomen and slaves, who come under control of Muslims as a result of any war etc. Technically the word Milkun yamiin is also used for them. 

Now unlawfulness of those women is being described who have already been married with any man. In this situation, they cannot be married someone else until either their husbands would not divorce them or they would not be separated from the nuptial due to the death of their husbands. However, if any woman is already in nuptial with any man and she has come in your possession, then it is lawful to marry her. This situation happens in that manner when any infidel woman has been tied in nuptial knot and the Muslims bring her towards any darus-Salam (a Muslim country) after attacking the dar-ul-harb (a country where God-worshipping is not permissible) and arresting her.

Remember it that the woman who comes in possession of Muslims, caught from dar-ul-harb, it is necessary for her to be lawful after passing at least one period of menstruation. In addition, that woman should not be infidel or idolater, but from the People of the Scripture. Then it has been described that the women, whose unlawfulness has been mentioned above, besides them all remaining women are lawful for you but with following four conditions, which have been prescribed with it:

1. Ask for the women, that is to say; get willingness properly for nuptial knot from the potential wife.

2. Accept paying her the amount of Mahr (the money or its value incumbent on the husband).

3. The purpose should be to make the woman proper your wife, not only for the desire of sensuality.

4. The marriage should not be hidden but it should be in the gathering of the people and in the presence of the witnesses.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/pnPcHN8C-1M

Other women who are forbidden - Quran Chapter 4- 23b (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-528) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 23b (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-528) - درس قرآن

Other women who are forbidden

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

حُرِّمَتْعَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهَٰتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُكُمْ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُمْ وَعَمَّٰتُكُمْ وَخَٰلَٰتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلْأَخِ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلْأُخْتِ وَأُمَّهَٰتُكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِىٓ أَرْضَعْنَكُمْ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُم مِّنَ ٱلرَّضَٰعَةِوَأُمَّهَٰتُ نِسَآئِكُمْ وَرَبَٰٓئِبُكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِى فِى حُجُورِكُم مِّن نِّسَآئِكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِى دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَإِن لَّمْ تَكُونُوا۟ دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَحَلَٰٓئِلُ أَبْنَآئِكُمُٱلَّذِينَ مِنْ أَصْلَٰبِكُمْ وَأَن تَجْمَعُوا۟ بَيْنَ ٱلْأُخْتَيْنِ إِلَّا مَا قَدْ سَلَفَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا 23

23b.  And your mothers-in-law, and your step-daughters, who are under your protection (born) of your women unto whom ye have gone in – but if ye have not gone in unto them, then it is no sin for you (to marry their daughters) – and the wives of your sons who (spring) from your own loins. And (it is forbidden unto you) that ye should have two sisters together, except what hath already happened (of that nature) in the past. Lo! Allah is Ever – Forgiving, Merciful.

23b.  wa  ‘umma-haatu  nisaaa- ‘ikum  wa  rabaaa- ‘ibukumul-laatii  fii  hu-juurikum-min-nisaaa- ‘ikumul-laatii  dakhaltum-  bihinn.  Fa- ‘illam  takuunuu  dakhaltum-  bi-hinna  falaa  hunaaha  ‘alay-kum;   wa  halaaa-‘ilu  ‘abnaaa- ‘ikumul-laziina  min  ‘aslaa-bi-kum,  wa  ‘an- tajma- ‘uu  baynal- ‘ukhtayni  ‘illaa  maa  qad  salaf. ‘InnAllaaha  kaana Gafuurar-Rahiimaa.

Commentary

Those forbidden women have been described in this verse, who are unlawful due to the relationship of marriage. These are of two types:

• Those women, with whom marriage is unlawful forever, like mother of wife and daughter of that wife, with whom you have copulated. However, if any woman has been divorced before copulation then you can marry her daughter. The wives of the sons and downwards like grandsons (whether they are paternal or maternal) are also forbidden for you to be married with them. 

• The women, who are not forbidden for marriage by you forever, but they are forbidden until any woman remains in the nuptial knot. Only until that time the marriage is forbidden with the wife’s close relative women. But if either you have divorced your wife or she has died then marriage with her close relative women will become lawful. Those women are – sister of the wife, who cannot be married in the life and presence of the wife, but she can be married afterwards. The same order applies also upon aunt and niece (paternal and maternal). 

Here it has been ordered that the wives of your sons are unlawful to be married with them, who (the sons) are from your generation. It aims your genealogical sons and grandsons. Adopted sons do not include in it.

At the end, Allah Almighty commanded that the mistakes, which were committed before Islam, would not be repeated inquiry. However, after the revelation of the order of Allah Almighty none should do against it. 

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/ptRX5BAJ5kA

Such women who are forbidden - Quran Chapter 4- 23a (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-527) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 23a (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-527) - درس قرآن

Such women who are forbidden

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

حُرِّمَتْعَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهَٰتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُكُمْ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُمْ وَعَمَّٰتُكُمْ وَخَٰلَٰتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلْأَخِ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلْأُخْتِ وَأُمَّهَٰتُكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِىٓ أَرْضَعْنَكُمْ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُم مِّنَ ٱلرَّضَٰعَةِوَأُمَّهَٰتُ نِسَآئِكُمْ وَرَبَٰٓئِبُكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِى فِى حُجُورِكُم مِّن نِّسَآئِكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِى دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَإِن لَّمْ تَكُونُوا۟ دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَحَلَٰٓئِلُ أَبْنَآئِكُمُٱلَّذِينَ مِنْ أَصْلَٰبِكُمْ وَأَن تَجْمَعُوا۟ بَيْنَ ٱلْأُخْتَيْنِ إِلَّا مَا قَدْ سَلَفَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا 23

23a.  Forbidden unto you are your mothers, and your daughters, and your sisters, and your father’s sisters, and your mother’s sisters, and your brother’s daughters, and your sister’s daughters, and your foster-mothers, and your foster-sisters,

23a.  Hurrimat  ‘alaykum  ‘um-mahaa-tukum  wa  banaa-tukum  wa  ‘akhawaa-tukum  wa  ‘am-maa-tukum  wa  khaalaa-tukum  wa  banaatul-‘akhi  wa  banaatul-‘ukhti  wa  ‘umma-haatukumul-laatii  ‘arza’-nakum  wa  ‘akha-waa-tukum-minar-razaa-‘ati

Commentary

‘Ar-razaa-‘ati – (foster relatives), it aims the woman, who is not real mother, but who suckles any other child. Real children of that woman are called foster-brothers and foster-sisters of that child, and such woman is called his/her foster-mother. 

Allah Almighty had described unlawfulness of marriage with the step-mother in the previous verses. Now those other women are being mentioned here, with whom the marriage is forbidden. This detail is very clear, so there is no form of dissension or misunderstanding now. 

These women belong to some different kinds. At first those, who are unlawful due to genealogical relationship and they are seven – 1.  Mother, 2.  Daughter, 3.  Sister, 4.  Paternal Aunt,  5.  Maternal Aunt, 6.  Brother’s Daughter (Niece), 7.  Sister’s Daughter (Niece). None is permitted to marry any one out of these seven close relatives.

As paternal and maternal grandmothers (and upwards) are included in the prohibition order of marriage with the mother, likewise, grand-daughters (daughter of the son and daughter of the daughter and downwards) are also included in the prohibition order of marriage with the daughter. Marriage with the sisters, ‘ainii (sisters, who have same father and mother), ‘alaatii (sisters due to father only) and ‘akhyaafii (sisters by the same mother but by a different father) is also prohibited including father’s and mother’s sisters, grandfather’s and grandmother’s (and their upwards) sisters. Real and step-sisters of above all are included. In addition, the nieces, (daughters of all above kinds of brothers and sisters, and their downwards) come also in this category.

Besides genealogical forbidden relatives, there are some foster relatives too, prohibited to be married. These are two – mother and sister, and seven others, which have been described above in the genealogical relationship {Mother, Daughter, Sister, Paternal Aunt, Maternal Aunt, Brother’s Daughter (Niece), Sister’s Daughter (Niece)}. These are also unlawful to be married in the fostering relationship. That is to say; foster-daughter, foster-aunt (either paternal or maternal), foster-niece (either paternal or maternal), all are unlawful to be married. These details and likewise other orders in this connection exist in the ‘Ahaadith (Sayings of Messenger, Muhammad (grace, glory, blessings and peace of Allah Almighty be upon him) with explanation. 

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/j87ugf5vNsE

Honor and respect of mothers - Quran Chapter 4- 22 (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-526) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 22 (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-526) - درس قرآن

Honor and respect of mothers

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَلَا تَنكِحُوا۟ مَا نَكَحَ ءَابَآؤُكُم مِّنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا قَدْ سَلَفَ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ فَٰحِشَةً وَمَقْتًا وَسَآءَ سَبِيلًا 22

22.  And marry not those women whom your fathers married, except what hath already happened (of that nature) in the past. Lo! it was ever lewdness and abomination. And an evil way.

22.  Wa  laa  tankihuu  maa  nakaha  ‘aabaaa-  ‘ukum-minan-nisaaa-‘i  ‘illaa  maa  qad  salaf.  ‘Innahuu  kaana  faahi-shatanw-wa  maqtaa.  Wa  saaa-‘a  sabii-laa.

Commentary

Laa  tankihuu – ( do not marry), the word “Nikaah” is used in the meanings of relationship between husband and wife in Arabic. Here it can be inferred in the both meanings (the marriage knot and the matrimonial relationship). 

‘Aabaaa- ‘ukum  - (your fathers), its singular is ‘abun. Besides the actual father, here grandfathers (paternal and maternal grandfather both) are included in its meaning.

Maa  nakaha  ‘aabaaa- ‘ukum – (whom your fathers married), it signifies towards that unlawful tradition of the period of ignorance, by which the step-mothers were also used to be married and they did not use to consider it improper or opprobrious.

The people used to marry their stepmothers during the times of ignorance. In this verse, it has been forbidden that the women whom your fathers have married, it is unlawful to marry them, although the father has divorced her before intercourse. Moreover, if marriage means copulation, then it is known that the father keeps company with whom woman, whether after marriage or in the form of fornication or as bondwoman, in each condition she is unlawful for the son because she is like a mother for the son. It is a matter of disgusting, lewdness, an evil way and abomination. There is no doubt in it that even during the period of ignorance, some wise people used to comprehend it despised. Allah Almighty commands, “Refrain from such marriages in future. However, there will be no accountability, what has already happened (of that nature) in the past. 

Maa qad  salaf – (what has already happened), it means that there is no sin on you for the nuptial knots which were fixed during the times of ignorance, and now may be those women would have died also, because that sin was before this law. Keep a matter in your mind here that if any Zoroastrian embraces Islam, and he has already married his mother or sister, then it is his duty to leave her, but those women whom he married during the time of infidelity, children from them will be lawful, because these kinds of Divine Laws are not for the disbelievers.    

Holy Qur’an has used three words to prevent from this type of marriage and those three words indicate apart from each other:

1.   Faahishatun – (the lewdness) because this type of marriage is a big lewdness it self, in addition to considering it prudently bad. 

2.   Maqtan – (abomination), besides abomination and rage, this word is used for each that thing, observing which one feels an aversion in one’s nature. Therefore, for the nice people, it is a very bad thing. 

3.   Saaa-‘a  sabii-laa – (an evil way), saaa-‘a means bad. Suuu’ is also used in these meanings. sabii-laa (conduct, character), literally it means ‘the way, path’. Due to such suitableness, this word has been used here in the meaning of ‘the character’.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/PB4Kfhuqrz8

The money or its value incumbent on the husband - Quran Chapter 4- 20 & 21 (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-525) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 20 & 21 (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-525) - درس قرآن

The money or its value incumbent on the husband

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَإِنْ أَرَدتُّمُ ٱسْتِبْدَالَ زَوْجٍمَّكَانَ زَوْجٍ وَءَاتَيْتُمْ إِحْدَىٰهُنَّ قِنطَارًا فَلَا تَأْخُذُوا۟ مِنْهُ شَيْـًٔا أَتَأْخُذُونَهُۥ بُهْتَٰنًا وَإِثْمًا مُّبِينًا 20

 وَكَيْفَ تَأْخُذُونَهُۥ وَقَدْ أَفْضَىٰ بَعْضُكُمْ إِلَىٰ بَعْضٍوَأَخَذْنَ مِنكُم مِّيثَٰقًا غَلِيظًا 21

20.  And if ye wish to exchange one wife for another and ye have given unto one of them a sum of money (however great), take nothing from it. Would ye take it by the way of calumny and open wrong? 21.  How can ye take it (back) after one of you hath gone in unto the other, and they have taken a strong pledge from you?

20.  Wa  ‘in  ‘arattumus-tib-daala  zawjim-makaana  zawjinw-wa  ‘aataytum  ‘ihdaahun-na  qintaaran  falaa  ta’-khuzuu  minhu  shay-‘aa.  ‘A-ta’-khuzuu-nahuu  buhtaananw-wa  ‘is-mam-mubiinaa. 21.  Wa  kayfa  ta’khuzuuna-huu  wa  qad  ‘afzaa  ba’-zukum  ‘ilaa  ba’-zinw-wa  ‘akhazna  minkum-miisaaqan  galiizaa.

Commentary

During the times of ignorance before Islam, there was a tradition also that whenever any person used to wish to marry some other woman leaving the earlier wife, in that case he used to accuse her wife falsely and tyrannize her of various sorts. So that she might return the money of mahr under compulsion and get divorce, in like manner, this money may be used in the second marriage. It has been restricted in these verses that while you have given much wealth to your first wife and now you wish to marry any other woman leaving the first, then you should not take back that wealth or money. It is unlawful to take back the given money from the first wife by the way of calumny and open wrong. 

At the very time, the man and the woman have gone in unto one another, kept company with each other and reached the certain point of copulation, then the mahr (the money or its value incumbent on the husband) has become payable upon the man to his wife. How can it be lawful for the husband to get back that money of mahr and how can he press the woman if she does not want to return? There can be only one mode to get back the mahr i.e. if the woman exempts it with her pleasure. While these women have taken a strong pledge from you and you have reaped the complete advantage from them, then how can it be lawful either not to pay them or get back the money (incumbent on you) of mahr, which you have already paid? 

Remember it that as after copulation the entire  mahr becomes incumbent on the husband to be paid, like this, if correct solitude has taken place between the two (husband and wife), even then complete mahr will be payable. However, if they have not reached the point of correct solitude and the husband has divorced her wife, then the mahr will be paid half. These matters have already been discussed in chapter -2 (Surah ‘Al-Baqarah).

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/i-FoGYElTUI

Treatment of the guilty - Quran Chapter 4- 19 (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-524) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 19 (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-524) - درس قرآن

Treatment of the guilty

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَن تَرِثُوا۟ ٱلنِّسَآءَ كَرْهًا وَلَا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ لِتَذْهَبُوا۟ بِبَعْضِ مَآ ءَاتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ إِلَّآ أَن يَأْتِينَبِفَٰحِشَةٍ مُّبَيِّنَةٍ وَعَاشِرُوهُنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ فَإِن كَرِهْتُمُوهُنَّ فَعَسَىٰٓ أَن تَكْرَهُوا۟ شَيْـًٔا وَيَجْعَلَ ٱللَّهُ فِيهِ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا 19

19.  O ye who believe! It is not lawful for you to inherit the women (of your deceased kinsmen) forcibly, nor (that) ye should put constraint upon them that ye may take away a part of that which ye have given them, unless they be guilty of flagrant lewdness. And consort with them in kindness, for if ye hate them it may happen that ye hate a thing wherein Allah hath placed much good

19. Yaaa- ‘ayyu-hallaziina ‘aamanuu laa yahillu lakum ‘an-tarisun-nisaaa-‘a karhaa. Wa laa ta’-zuluuhunna litazhabuu bi-ba’-zi maaa ‘aatay-tumuu-hunna ‘illaaa ‘any-ya’-tiina bifaa-hishatim-mubayyinah. Wa ‘aashiruu-hunna bil-ma’-ruuf. Fa- ‘in- karih-tumuu-hunna fa-‘asaaa ‘an- takrahuu shay-‘anw-wa yaj-‘alAllaahu fiihi khay-ran- kasiiraa.

Commentary

After telling about the lewdness and its punishment, now that tyranny of the ignorance is being obstructed which used to be upon the women. There was prevalent in to them that whenever any male died, then either deceased person’s step-son or brother or his any heir used to take hold of his wife. If he wished, either he used to marry her or keep her in his house without marriage, or let her married to some other male and used to get her Mahr (the money or its value incumbent on the husband) from him, or keep her in his own custody entire life and used to become heir of her wealth and property.

It has been ordered in the Holy Qur’an that whenever any male expires, then her wife have authority about her marriage. Any brother or heir of the person died has not this power to get married with her forcibly. If the woman be guilty of flagrant lewdness then she should be stopped. Otherwise, you should consort with the women in kindness and good behavior. If you do not like any habit of any woman, then have patience. It may happen that she would have much good. You do not know that what Allah Almighty has kept gain for you in to her. Personal sense of the human being is weak and knowledge is limited. Knowledge of Allah Almighty is much vast and unlimited.

Advantages Of Positive Thought: Positive thinking means, “Meditate in sound sides also if you find any form of badness in any work or thing because it may happen that goodness have more better sides in to it than its bad sides or sound side may be more useful for you”. For example; one’s wife is ugly but she has good children from such male. Then the result will be that his wife will slip away as well as his children will also be left and he would have to face such bitterness, mental torture, war for getting his children and fights for rights during remaining entire life that he will never feel relax.

Like this, any person has been appointed in an office but he is not liked. Nevertheless, because of him, the system of the office is running very smoothly. Although, it is not liked that he should be kept in service, but dismissing him from service; only due to unlikeness; will ruin the entire system. Therefore, it is much better to bear such person keeping in view his advantages on such appointment.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/FybMeFPQd9A