Quran Chapter 4- 24b (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-530) - درس قرآن
Dowries and mutual agreement
Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’ (Women)
– Chapter – 4)
‘A-‘uu-zu Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)
وَٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْأَيْمَٰنُكُمْ كِتَٰبَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَأُحِلَّ لَكُم مَّا وَرَآءَ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَن تَبْتَغُوا۟ بِأَمْوَٰلِكُم مُّحْصِنِينَ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحِينَ فَمَا ٱسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهِۦ مِنْهُنَّ فَـَٔاتُوهُنَّأُجُورَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا تَرَٰضَيْتُم بِهِۦ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ٱلْفَرِيضَةِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا 24
24b. And those of whom ye seek content (by marrying
them), give unto them their dowries as a duty. And there is no sin for you in
what ye do by mutual agreement after the duty (hath been done). Lo! Allah is
ever Knower, Wise.
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24b. Famas-tamta’-tum-bihii min-hunna fa-‘aatuuhunna
‘ujuura hunna fariizah.
Wa laa junaaha ‘alay-kum fiimaa
taraa-zaytum- bihii mim- ba’-dil- fariizah.
‘Innallaaha kaana ‘Aliiman Hakiimaa.
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Commentary
‘As-tamta’-tum – ‘is-tamtaa’-‘un has
been used as infinitive mood, which means ‘to reap advantage, to enjoy’. Here
it aims living of husband and wife together in solitude for a long time.
‘Ujuura hunna – (their
rights), ‘ujuur is plural of ‘ajr, which means
wages, retaliation. Here it points towards the Mahr of the
women (the dowry to be paid by the husband).
The orders regarding the dower (the money or its value
resting upon the husband after marriage) have been ordained in this part of the
verse. That is to say; any man married a woman and took benefit from her for a
fixed duration, then it is necessary to give that woman completely amount of
the dower Moreover, until the woman does not forgive it herself,
the payment of the dower is essential. It has been noticed
from the hindrance of the word ‘is-tamtaa’-‘un that if one has
not reaped any advantage from the woman and her husband has divorced her, then
the husband is not bound to pay the entire amount of dowry. Its complete detail
was discussed in Surah ‘Al-Baqrah (The Cow). After that, it
has been described that in determination of the dowry and its payment,
increasing and decreasing the dowry is lawful with mutual agreement between
husband and wife. That is to say; after fixing the amount
of dower, if either the wife decreases the amount of dowry happily or
the husband gives more than the specified amount of dower willingly
to her wife then it is no sin. However, only the condition is that they both
‘husband and wife’ should be willing to do so mutually.
At the end, Allah Almighty directed that He knows the philosophy,
all kinds of advantages and disadvantages of the human beings and His orders
are full of wisdom. Betterment and prosperity for the people is hidden in
obedience of His commands in the world and the Hereafter, and if they disobey
His orders then there will be failure in the world and disgrace in the
Hereafter.
Relationship of husband and wife is a very important matter.
Dependence of the continuance of human generation (and perfect growth and
education of the children) is connected with the mutual pleasant relationship
and assistance between both of them. Only their strong relationship is the
origin of prosperity and well-being of the children. Therefore, it is essential
to understand and act upon the laws, which Allah Almighty has described in
Holy Qur’an.
It has come to know from this verse that the determination of
dowry is a necessary thing for the nuptial and its payment is incumbent on the
man.
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