Envy not one another - Quran Chptr 4-32 (Pt-5, Stg-1)(L-536)- درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 32 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-536) - درس قرآن

Envy not one another

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَلَا تَتَمَنَّوْا۟ مَا فَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ بِهِۦبَعْضَكُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ لِّلرِّجَالِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا ٱكْتَسَبُوا۟ وَلِلنِّسَآءِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا ٱكْتَسَبْنَ وَسْـَٔلُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ مِن فَضْلِهِۦٓ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمًا 32

32.  And cover not the thing in which Allah hath made some of you excel others. Men shall have the benefit what they earn and women shall have the benefit what they earn. (Envy not one another) and ask Allah of His Bounty. Lo! Allah is ever Knower of all things.

32.Wa  laa  tatamannaw  maa  Fazza-lAllaahu  bihii  ba’-zakum  ‘alaa  ba’-z.  Lir-rijaali  nasii-bum-mimmak-tasabuu.  Wa  lin-nisaaa-‘i  nasiibum-mimmak-tasabn.  Was-‘alullaaha  min- faz-lih.  ‘Innallaaha  kaana  bi-kulli  shay-‘in  ‘Aliimaa.

Commentary

If Allah Almighty bestows any person excellence and superiority over you or other persons in any matter, and promotes him in it, then you should not be envious of that. It is likewise too as to interfere in someone’s life and wealth without grounds, which has been determined unlawful according to previous verses. Besides it, such greediness increases mutual jealousy and spite, and adversity of the Will and Wisdom of Allah Almighty manifests from it also. Allah Almighty does not like such entire matters.

Purpose of revelation of this verse is that some women came to see the Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) and said, “O Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him)! What is the reason that Allah Almighty addresses the men in every matter and commands them only, and He does not mention about the women anywhere? In addition, the men are given double from the women from the inheritance of the dead. Those women have been replied for their question in this verse that Allah Almighty has given the men excellence on the women due to a specific skill. Therefore, they (the women) should not envy because of this superiority of the men.

Allah Almighty commands that the portion from the inheritance has been fixed for the women as well as the men, as some persons work more, so they get remuneration more. Nothing is lessened from it. Allah Almighty has bestowed the men a particular excellence, superiority and magnificence upon the women in accord with His Knowledge. If the women envy on it, it will be an unreasonable desire. However, if they get more reward and prize by doing good deeds, then it will be better. The person, who wishes more Bounty of Allah Almighty, he/she should call for His Mercy by doing more and more good deeds. He/she should not be seeker of the Bounty of Allah Almighty by means of envy and malice. Allah Almighty has Knowledge of everything. He knows the right and the place of everybody very well and deals them according to their position.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/fVpRLO59JdI

Flight from the great sins - Quran Chptr 4-31 (Pt-5, Stg-1)(L-535)- درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 31 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-535) - درس قرآن

Flight from the great sins

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

إِن تَجْتَنِبُوا۟ كَبَآئِرَ مَا تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنكُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتِكُمْ وَنُدْخِلْكُم مُّدْخَلًا كَرِيمًا 31

31.  If ye avoid the great (things) which ye are forbidden, We will remit from you your evil deeds and make you enter at a noble gate.

31.  ‘In-  taj-tanibuu  kabaaa-‘ira  maa tun-hawna  ‘anhu  nu-kaffir  ‘ankum  sayyi-‘aatikum  wa  nud-khilkum-  Mud-khalan-kariimaa.

Commentary

Taj-tanibuu – (you avoid), this word’s origin is ‘ij-tinaab, which means ‘to avoid, evading, to fly, to abstain from, to keep aloof (aversion).

Kabaaa-‘ira – {(great (things)}, its singular is kabiirah. The words Kabiirah and ‘akbar etc. have been derived from the same word. Kabiirah is that sin, which is great. On its contrary, little and customary mistakes are called Sagiirah (minor sins).

It was mentioned in the previous verse that the person, whoso would squander someone’s wealth in vanity and kill any other person through aggression and injustice, his punishment is Hell. In this verse, it has been induced to refrain from the sins and on holding back from the evils, Allah Almighty has promised to forgive and pardon them, and caused them to hope for the Heaven, so that after knowing it, every person would have to try to refrain from the sins.

It is order of our Lord Almighty that who will keep himself away from the great sins, as crimes relating to any person’s theft, injustice, murder or plundering, then his little sins will be forgiven.  

The religious scholars have made explanation of this verse differently. Here one Hadith {Saying of Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace of Allah Almighty be upon him)}, described by ‘Abu Hurairah (may Allah Almighty be pleased with him) is being presented for correct explanation. Summary of the Hadith is ‘Messenger of Allah Almighty said, “Allah Almighty has determined sin by different parts of fornication upon the children of Adam (peace be upon him). For example, the part of eye is ‘to see’ in the act of adultery, the part of tongue is ‘to talk about the act of fornication, the part of spirit is ‘wish of adultery. Actual commission of the act of fornication depends on ‘womb and penis’ etc. If this bad act has been committed, then entire parts have fornicated i.e. the eye, the tongue and the heart etc. If it has not been committed, then all remaining helpers of the fornication act will be forgiven.

In this regard, the above-mentioned verse aims that the people, who refrain from the great sins, whether, they commit minor mistakes, which become cause of the great sins, but these people escape from the great sins, then they will not be questioned about their little sins, and they will get also reward due to not committing great sins. The reason of such reward is that they controlled their rebellious spirit and evil wishes, and they saved themselves from the grievous mistakes.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif).  

https://youtu.be/ghv-z3Bks4Q

Safety of other Muslims’ life and wealth - Quran Chptr 4-29&30 (Pt-5, Stg-1)(L-534)- درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 29 & 30 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-534) - درس قرآن

Safety of other Muslims’ life and wealth

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَأْكُلُوٓا۟ أَمْوَٰلَكُم بَيْنَكُم بِٱلْبَٰطِلِ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَتِجَٰرَةً عَن تَرَاضٍ مِّنكُمْ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَكُمْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيمًا 29

 وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَٰلِكَ عُدْوَٰنًا وَظُلْمًا فَسَوْفَ نُصْلِيهِ نَارًا وَكَانَ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَىٱللَّهِ يَسِيرًا 30

29.  O ye who believe! Squander not your wealth among yourselves in vanity, except it be a trade by mutual consent. And kill not one another. Lo! Allah is ever Merciful unto you. 30.  Whoso doeth that through aggression and injustice, we shall cast him into Fire. And that is ever easy for Allah.

29.  Yaaa-‘ayyu-hallaziina  ‘aa-manuu  laa  ta’-kuluuu  ‘amwaa-lakum-  baynakum-  bil-baatili  ‘illaaa  ‘an-takuuna  tijaaratan  ‘an-taraazim-minkum  wa  laa  taq-tuluu  ‘anfusakum  ‘InnAllaaha  kaana bikum  Rahiimaa. 30.  Wa  many-yaf-al  zaalika  ‘udwaananw-wa  zulman-  fa-sawfa  nusliihi  Naaraa.  Wa  kaana zaalika ‘alAllaahi yasiiraa.

Commentary

It has been commanded to the believers after describing the matrimonial laws and punishments of their disobedience that the people should not squander others’ wealth in vanity, i.e. they should not plunder wealth of other people unjust by telling a lie, treachery, theft or plundering and lottery etc. However, if you trade by mutual consent or participate in any business, then it is lawful for you to take the wealth of one another by mutual willingness.

Second order, in this regard is “And kill not one another.” Injustice murder of any other Muslim brother is unlawful.

Then it has been described that “Allah is ever Merciful unto you” Who reveals such commandments, due to which neither any individual can squander the wealth of any other person in vanity, and nor he can kill someone unlawfully. These entire Instructions are for your goodness only.  

The person, who commits against these orders of Allah Almighty, that is to say; if he/she either squanders the wealth of others in vanity, by using force or tyranny, or kills someone, then certainly his/her abode is Hell. It is not difficult for Allah Almighty to throw the tyrants in the Fire of Hell, but it is very easy and simple for Him. Therefore, in view of the above, you should abstain from tyrannizing someone because we are Muslims. If we shall tyrannize any person, we would be thrown into the Hell.

In addition, we should keep in view that Allah Almighty is Creator and Master of the entire creatures. No power can stop Him from doing justice and punishing the evildoers and nor He shell favor someone improperly, nor will He use force unlawful against anyone.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif).

https://youtu.be/w-67iivqP9o

God is desirous to turn you - Quran Chptr 4-26 to 28 (Pt-5,Stg-1)(L-533)- درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 26 to 28 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-533) - درس قرآن

God is desirous to turn you

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ لِيُبَيِّنَ لَكُمْ وَيَهْدِيَكُمْ سُنَنَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ وَيَتُوبَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ 26

 وَٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ أَن يَتُوبَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَيُرِيدُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ ٱلشَّهَوَٰتِ أَن تَمِيلُوا۟ مَيْلًاعَظِيمًا 27

 يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُخَفِّفَ عَنكُمْ وَخُلِقَ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ ضَعِيفًا 28

26.  Allah would explain to you and guide you by the examples of those who were before you, and would turn to you in mercy. And Allah is ever Knower, Wise. 27.  And Allah would turn to you in mercy. And those who follow vain desires would have you go tremendously astray.  28.  Allah Desires that He should make the burden light for you, and man is created weak.

26.  Yuriidullaahu  liyubayyina  lakum  wa  yahdiyakum  sunanal-laziina  min- qablikum  wa  yatuu-ba  ‘alaykum.  Wallaahu  ‘Alii-mun  Hakiim. 27.  Wallaahu  yuriidu  ‘any-yatuuba  ‘alaykum;  wa  yuriidul-laziina  yattabi-‘uunash-shaha-waati  ‘an-  tamiiluu  maylan  ‘aziimaa. 28.  YuriidUllaahu  ‘any-yukhaf-fifa  ‘ankum.  Wa  khuliqal-‘in-saanu  za-‘iifaa.

Commentary

Here it has been described that aim of the orders, which Allah Almighty reveals for humanity, is that the human beings would know the difference between lawful and unlawful. They may get the chance to follow the Path of last Messengers (peace be upon them). Moreover, He desires to forgive their sins and to have mercy on them. He knows very well our opportunities and circumstances, and the wisdom is hidden in His each revelation, plan and order. The result of it will be distance from the guidance and opposition of the last Chosen Entities {Prophets and Messengers of Allah Almighty (peace be upon them)}, if His each order is not carried out properly. In this case, the mankind will remain debarred from His Mercy and Forgiveness.

Allah Almighty revealed different orders regarding most important matters of human life, that is to say, in connection with the matrimonial relationship, for instance, censure of fornication, repentance from it, decrees about the women, mention of the free, believing women, mahr after nuptial and other conditions and restrictions, prohibition of sinfulness. Human being becomes unpleasant in obeying these orders due to his/her some personal weaknesses. Therefore, Allah Almighty has checked very strictly to carry out these entire instructions and commanded that aim of these all conditions and restrictions is that Mercy of Allah Almighty would be revealed on the mankind. The persons, who are lewd, they want to bring you away from the straight path, so that you do also the lewdness and go astray like them.

Allah Almighty knows the weaknesses of the humanity and recognizes that how much human beings can have patience from the lust and desirables. Therefore, He has regarded mitigation in His each order. Allah Almighty has not practiced parsimony mercifully in His Religious Law.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif).

https://youtu.be/pAho5QG2JR4

Condition for marrying the maids - Quran Chptr 4-25b(Pt-5,Stg-1)(L-532- درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 25b (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-532) - درس قرآن

Condition for marrying the maids

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَمَن لَّمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنكُمْ طَوْلًا أَنيَنكِحَ ٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ فَمِن مَّا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَٰنُكُم مِّن فَتَيَٰتِكُمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ وَٱللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَٰنِكُم بَعْضُكُم مِّنۢ بَعْضٍ فَٱنكِحُوهُنَّ بِإِذْنِأَهْلِهِنَّ وَءَاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ مُحْصَنَٰتٍ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحَٰتٍ وَلَا مُتَّخِذَٰتِ أَخْدَانٍ فَإِذَآ أُحْصِنَّ فَإِنْ أَتَيْنَ بِفَٰحِشَةٍ فَعَلَيْهِنَّ نِصْفُ مَا عَلَىٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتِ مِنَ ٱلْعَذَابِ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَنْ خَشِىَ ٱلْعَنَتَ مِنكُمْ وَأَن تَصْبِرُوا۟ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ 25

25b.  so wed them by permission of their folk, and give unto them their dowries in kindness, they being honest, not debauched nor of loose conduct. Then if when they are honourably married they commit lewdness they shall incur the half of the punishment (prescribed) for free women (in that case). This is for him among you who feareth to commit sin. And to have patience would be better for you. And Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

25b.  Fankihuu-hunna  bi-‘izni  ‘ahli-hinna  wa  ‘aatuu-hunna  ‘ujuura-hunna  bil-ma’-ruufi  muhsanaatin  gayra  musaafi-haatinw-wa  laa  muttakhi-zaati  ‘akh-daan.  Fa-‘izaaa  ‘uhsinna  fa-‘in  ‘atayna  bi-faahi-shatin-  fa-‘alay-hinna  nisfu  maa  ‘alal-muhsanaati  minal-‘azaab.  Zaalika  liman  khashiyal-‘anata  minkum.  Wa   ‘an  tasbiruu  khay-rul-lakum.  Wallaahu  Gafuurur-Rahiim.

Commentary

By permitting marriage with maids and slave-girls, Islam impeded the sinfulness on one side, while at the other hand It determined their grade equal to the free, believing women in the society. Moreover, It put in the rights of their children equal to the rights of the children of free, believing women on the condition that those children are from the maid’s master. In addition, following conditions have been prescribed for marrying the maids:

1. Permission of wedding is taken from their masters.

2. Give unto them their dowries as a duty.

3. The maids should be liker of goodness and chastity (Muh-sanaatun).

4. They should not be fallen into lewdness and debauchery (musaafi-haatun).

5. They should also be not of loose conduct “muttakhi-zaati  ‘akh-daan”  (secretly loving and beloved).

Allah Almighty says, “This is for him among you who fears to commit sin. And having patience would be better for you”. He also commands, “Then if when they are honorably married, they commit lewdness, they shall become liable to half of the punishment (prescribed) for free women (in that case)”.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/NR-ZHD9Kv5A

Marrying the believing maids - Quran Chptr 4-25a (Pt-5,Stg-1)(L-531)- درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 25a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-531) - درس قرآن

Marrying the believing maids

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَمَن لَّمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنكُمْ طَوْلًا أَنيَنكِحَ ٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ فَمِن مَّا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَٰنُكُم مِّن فَتَيَٰتِكُمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ وَٱللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَٰنِكُم بَعْضُكُم مِّنۢ بَعْضٍ فَٱنكِحُوهُنَّ بِإِذْنِأَهْلِهِنَّ وَءَاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ مُحْصَنَٰتٍ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحَٰتٍ وَلَا مُتَّخِذَٰتِ أَخْدَانٍ فَإِذَآ أُحْصِنَّ فَإِنْ أَتَيْنَ بِفَٰحِشَةٍ فَعَلَيْهِنَّ نِصْفُ مَا عَلَىٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتِ مِنَ ٱلْعَذَابِ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَنْ خَشِىَ ٱلْعَنَتَ مِنكُمْ وَأَن تَصْبِرُوا۟ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ 25

25a.  And whoso is not able to afford to marry free, believing women, let them marry from the believing maids whom your right hands possess. And Allah knoweth best (concerning) your faith. Ye (proceed) one from another,

25a.  Wa  mal-lam  yastati’  min-kum  taw-lan  ‘any-yankihal-Muhsanaatil-Mu’-minaati  fa-mimmaa  malakat  ‘ay-maanu-kum-min-fatayaa-  tikumul- Mu’-minaat.  Wallaahu  ‘a’-lamu  bi-‘iimaanikum.  Ba’-zukum-mim-ba’z.

Commentary

Muhsanaatun – (free, believing women), its singular is Muhsanah, which has been derived from hasan. Hasan means the fort, as though, Muhsanah is that free, believing and good disposition woman, who kept safe her chastity and honor like a fort.

Powerful and bad people used to make the weak and helpless men, women and children their slaves and bond-maids in many countries of the world before Islam and they used to buy and sell them in the markets like goats and sheep. When Islam came, it brought with itself the message of equality. Nevertheless, it was not too much easy to remove the so much old rules and to change this method of dwelling, of which system the people had been habituated. As far as it is possible, Islam cares for the facilities of the people. The slaves and the bond-maids were already present in the Arab and they were in the worse condition. Particularly the bond-maids were never in any counting. They were badly used to beat black and blue. Allah Almighty provided such rules with which the condition of slaves and bond-maids might be arranged better, and in the process of time, the system of slavery might be finished.     

No bond-maid or slave exists today in the world and certainly, the wreath of finishing this slavery system is on the head of Islam. It is the custom of Holy Qur’an in removing the unlawful rules that easy commands are delivered in the beginning, as it seems that Islam desires to keep up this rule. But usually and gradually; due to obeying these easy orders, the worse customs go to an end.

Holy Qur’an promoted the dignity of bond-maids in this verse so much that It ordered, “Do not put them making prey only of your evil wishes and intemperance. But wed them and make them your wives. In this order, the seed of removing the custom of bond-maids was sown. It has been commanded, “The person, who is not able to afford to marry any free, believing women, but he feels necessity of any woman then let him marry from the believing maids whom your right hands possess. And they should escape from the unlawful deeds, because safety of Belief is very important and the faith of bond-maids is as much credible as your own.”

It is the result of accepting these orders that today slavery has been finished from the world. The respect of the woman has been established in the society. However, one thing is pending till now that none should keep any one under own influence. If it would have been done also as per the orders of Islam, then the matter would have been finalized very earlier.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/9v4kTqAJ4ig

Dowries and mutual agreement - Quran Chapter 4- 24b (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-530) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 24b (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-530) - درس قرآن

Dowries and mutual agreement

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْأَيْمَٰنُكُمْ كِتَٰبَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَأُحِلَّ لَكُم مَّا وَرَآءَ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَن تَبْتَغُوا۟ بِأَمْوَٰلِكُم مُّحْصِنِينَ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحِينَ فَمَا ٱسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهِۦ مِنْهُنَّ فَـَٔاتُوهُنَّأُجُورَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا تَرَٰضَيْتُم بِهِۦ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ٱلْفَرِيضَةِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا 24

24b.  And those of whom ye seek content (by marrying them), give unto them their dowries as a duty. And there is no sin for you in what ye do by mutual agreement after the duty (hath been done). Lo! Allah is ever Knower, Wise.

24b.  Famas-tamta’-tum-bihii  min-hunna  fa-‘aatuuhunna  ‘ujuura  hunna  fariizah.  Wa  laa  junaaha  ‘alay-kum  fiimaa  taraa-zaytum-  bihii  mim-  ba’-dil-  fariizah.  ‘Innallaaha  kaana  ‘Aliiman  Hakiimaa.

Commentary

‘As-tamta’-tum – ‘is-tamtaa’-‘un has been used as infinitive mood, which means ‘to reap advantage, to enjoy’. Here it aims living of husband and wife together in solitude for a long time.  

‘Ujuura  hunna – (their rights), ‘ujuur is plural of ‘ajr, which means wages, retaliation. Here it points towards the Mahr of the women (the dowry to be paid by the husband).

The orders regarding the dower (the money or its value resting upon the husband after marriage) have been ordained in this part of the verse. That is to say; any man married a woman and took benefit from her for a fixed duration, then it is necessary to give that woman completely amount of the dower Moreover, until the woman does not forgive it herself, the payment of the dower is essential. It has been noticed from the hindrance of the word ‘is-tamtaa’-‘un that if one has not reaped any advantage from the woman and her husband has divorced her, then the husband is not bound to pay the entire amount of dowry. Its complete detail was discussed in Surah ‘Al-Baqrah (The Cow). After that, it has been described that in determination of the dowry and its payment, increasing and decreasing the dowry is lawful with mutual agreement between husband and wife. That is to say; after fixing the amount of dower, if either the wife decreases the amount of dowry happily or the husband gives more than the specified amount of dower willingly to her wife then it is no sin. However, only the condition is that they both ‘husband and wife’ should be willing to do so mutually.

At the end, Allah Almighty directed that He knows the philosophy, all kinds of advantages and disadvantages of the human beings and His orders are full of wisdom. Betterment and prosperity for the people is hidden in obedience of His commands in the world and the Hereafter, and if they disobey His orders then there will be failure in the world and disgrace in the Hereafter.

Relationship of husband and wife is a very important matter. Dependence of the continuance of human generation (and perfect growth and education of the children) is connected with the mutual pleasant relationship and assistance between both of them. Only their strong relationship is the origin of prosperity and well-being of the children. Therefore, it is essential to understand and act upon the laws, which Allah Almighty has described in Holy Qur’an.

It has come to know from this verse that the determination of dowry is a necessary thing for the nuptial and its payment is incumbent on the man.

  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/oEp_eYerhyM