Trials by Allah - Quran Chapter 5 – 94 (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-737) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 94 (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-737) - درس قرآن

Trials by Allah

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

94. يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَيَبْلُوَنَّكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِشَىْءٍ مِّنَ ٱلصَّيْدِ تَنَالُهُۥٓ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَرِمَاحُكُمْ لِيَعْلَمَ ٱللَّهُ مَن يَخَافُهُۥ بِٱلْغَيْبِ ۚ فَمَنِ ٱعْتَدَىٰ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ فَلَهُۥ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ

94.  O ye who believe! Allah will surely try you somewhat (in the matter) of the game which ye take with your hands and your spears, that Allah may know him who feareth Him in secret. But whoso transgresseth after this, for him there is a painful doom.

94.  Yaaa-‘ayyu-hallaziina  ‘aamanuu  la-yablu-wanna-kumUllaahu  bi-shay-‘im-minas-saydi  tanaa-luhuuu  ‘ay-diikum  wa  rimaa-hukum  li-ya’-lamAllaahu  many-yakhaa-fuhuu  bil-gayb.  Famani’-tadaa  ba’-da  zaalika  falahuu  ‘azaabun  ‘aliim.

Commentary

  

There is mention about such a matter in this verse, which has been forbidden for a short time, that is to say; to go hunting in the form of pilgrim-garb (‘Ihraam). Allah Almighty wishes to test the human being. And the test can be judged completely in such a matter, which is forbidden only for a few days, while use of that thing is lawful forever. At the other hand, it becomes habituated to abstain from that thing, use of which is unlawful, and it becomes easy to give it up. But it is difficult to refrain from that deed for a few days, which can be done every time without any resistance. This trial has been kept also for the Muslims that they have been prevented from wild game in the form of pilgrim-garb during the season of Hajj. Although the game was found in so much abundance in those days that it could be caught with hands or lances very easily.

It is commanded: O Muslims! You will be prevented a little from the land game so that you may be tried, whether you have fear of Allah Almighty or not, to Whom you are not looking. Such fear arises only by the belief, sign of which is God-fearing in secret. So actually it is a test of your belief. The person, who will fail in this examination, for him there is a painful doom.      

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/UmS1vBKngeU

Old sins of those are forgiven who fear - Quran Chapter 5 – 93 (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-736) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 93 (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-736) - درس قرآن

Old sins of those are forgiven who fear

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

93. لَيْسَ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ جُنَاحٌ فِيمَا طَعِمُوٓا۟ إِذَا مَا ٱتَّقَوا۟ وَّءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ ثُمَّ ٱتَّقَوا۟ وَّءَامَنُوا۟ ثُمَّ ٱتَّقَوا۟ وَّأَحْسَنُوا۟ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ

93.  There shall be no sin (imputed) unto those who believe and do good works for what they may have eaten (in the past), when they did their duty (to Allah), believed (in Him) and did good works and again were mindful of their duty (to Allah) and believed and once again were mindful of their duty (to Allah) and did the right.And Allah loveth the good.

93.  Laysa  ‘alal-laziina  ‘aamanuu  wa  ‘amilus-Saalihaati  junaahun-  fiimaa  ta-‘imuu  ‘izaa  matta-qaw-wa  ‘aamanuu  wa  ‘amilus-Saalihaati  summat-taqaw-wa  ‘aamanuu  summattaqaw-wa  ‘ah-sanuu.  Wallaahu  yuhibbul-Muhsiniin.

Commentary

  

 ‘Atta-qaw – {did (their) duty, abstained from evils}, it is from ‘ittaqaa’, which means ‘to abstain from evils, to escape, to abide by the law’.

  

‘Ah-sanuu – (did the right), it has been derived from ‘ahsaan, which means ‘to work wholeheartily, for example; offering prayer is anyhow a good work, but if it is offered wholeheartily then it is ‘Asaan. In the lesson # 734, it was told that strong drink and games of chance are very bad acts, evil deeds and Satan’s handiwork, so you should refrain from these bad habits.

It is known that as soon as the Companions (may Allah Almighty be agreed upon them) of the Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) heard this command (Strong drink and games of chance and idols and diving arrows are only an uncleanness, of Satan’s handiwork, so keep away from them that ye may succeed), they ran away and broke the entire earthen vessels and jars filled with strong drink, wherever they found. Even the wine was flowing in the streets of Madinah on that day. They got freedom forever from strong drink in only one day. Likeness of such obedience cannot be found in the history and anywhere in the world.

After that, it has been described about the circumstances of those Muslims in this verse, who used to take strong drink before its prohibition and do good works of the religion (both acts side by side). Even that some Muslims participated in the Battle of ‘Uhud in the drunkenness condition and were martyred.

Allah Almighty commands that the people, who obeyed after believing and refrained from the evil deeds, they will not be punished due to use of strong drink and playing games of chance before their prohibition, on the condition, they should abide by the limits of the law as believers regularly in future, and they should continue doing good works regularly, and their piety should increase day by day gradually, and their faith should be clear and bright increasingly, even that their good deeds and worships should be proper and as of the well-mannered.   

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif).  https://youtu.be/5OqCcipwaWI

Obedience of Allah and His Messenger - Quran Chapter 5 – 92 (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-735) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 92 (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-735) - درس قرآن

Obedience of Allah and His Messenger

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

92. وَأَطِيعُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا۟ ٱلرَّسُولَ وَٱحْذَرُوا۟ ۚ فَإِن تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّمَا عَلَىٰ رَسُولِنَا ٱلْبَلَٰغُ ٱلْمُبِينُ

92.  And obey Allah and obey the Messenger, and beware! But if ye turn away, then know that the duty of Our Messenger is only clear conveyance (of the Message).

92.  Wa  ‘atii-‘Ullaaha  wa  ‘atii-‘ur-Rasuula  wah-zaruu.  Fa-‘in  tawallay-tum  fa’-lamuuu  ‘annamaa  ‘alaa  RasuuliNal-balaagul-mubiin.

Commentary

  

Purpose of Holy Qur’aan has been explained in this verse very clearly and the duty of the Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) has been manifested well efficiently. The Object of Holy Qur’aan is to establish a way of life for us in the world. Therefore, there are commandments for the Acknowledged Virtues and Prohibitions from the Sins (‘Amr  bil  Ma’-ruuf  wa  nahii  ‘anil  munkar – the most important social principal of Islam) in it “Enjoining Good & Forbidding Evil”.

                                             

It is the duty of Our Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) to convey the Message of Allah Almighty (Holy Qur’aan) to the people clearly and establish the way of following by acting upon it Himself and then entrust this duty to His nation, and they should not let this “Established Way” be effaced and help one another to make it easy to be followed. So that, the human beings may not have any excuse that they could not know well “the Way of Islam”.

After that, it is the only duty of entire mankind that they should believe in the Last Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), have faith in the Scripture, brought by Him i.e. Holy Qur’aan, follow His Sayings (‘Ahaadiis), try to recite and meditate in the Holy Qur’aan and continue this practice during their entire life time.

It is not everyone’s duty to seek causes of the commands and think, “I shall not act upon this command until I shall not be aware of its usefulness”. At first, believing in it is compulsory that “It is certainly advantageous for me, for which I have been instructed by Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) to do, though I may know its usefulness or otherwise. And surely there is my loss from the beginning to the end, in those deeds from which I have been prevented, whether I may know it or not”.

The aim of this verse is that the people, after believing, should obey Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) without any hesitation, and keep themselves be saved from opposing the Law prescribed by Holy Qur’aan. “It is advantageous for you. And if you did not care and turned away from it then, Remember and beware! That the duty of Our Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) is only clear conveyance of Our Message, which has been delivered to you properly. Now you will be responsible yourselves”.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif).  https://youtu.be/3RMqhdrp75k

Badness of alcohol and gambling - Quran Chapter 5 – 91 (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-734) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 91 (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-734) - درس قرآن

Badness of alcohol and gambling

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

91. إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنُ أَن يُوقِعَ بَيْنَكُمُ ٱلْعَدَٰوَةَ وَٱلْبَغْضَآءَ فِى ٱلْخَمْرِ وَٱلْمَيْسِرِ وَيَصُدَّكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ ٱللَّهِ وَعَنِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ ۖ فَهَلْ أَنتُم مُّنتَهُونَ

91.  Satan seeketh only to cast among you enmity and hatred by means of strong drink and games of chance, and to turn you from Remembrance of Allah and from (His) worship. Will ye then desist?

91.  ‘Innamaa  yuriidush-Shaytaanu  ‘any-yuuqi-‘a  bayna-kumul-‘adaawata  wal-bagzaaa-‘a  fil-khamri  wal-maysiri  wa  yasuddakum  ‘an-zikrIllaahi  wa  ‘anis-Salaah.  Fahal  ‘antum-mun-tahuun.

Commentary

  

The worst badness in strong drink and games of chance is that these both habits are very helpful for stopping the human being from that path, which takes responsibility of humankind’s goodness, and on which the Holy Qur’aan desires to carry on him. Because Satan (who remains in search of paths to mislead the mankind) becomes able to find many ways to get the upper hands over the human being.

Islam disciplines the mankind dwelling collectively, and desires to stop mutual quarrels and disturbance. Greed, selfishness and evil wishes are ground of sedition mutually themselves. Islam has produced the way of its prevention, “Believe in Allah Almighty, remember Him every time and assemble at a place five times a day, only for the purpose that you may remember Allah Almighty collectively, so that along with the remembrance of Allah Almighty, you may think that you all are servants of Allah Almighty. And that Allah Almighty has commanded you to sympathize mutually with one another. Everyone should provide advantage to others, from that thing, which someone possesses. Nobody should follow the wish of collecting the money more and more by ensnaring others in labor and trouble. One should not be selfish, miserly and niggardly at the time of dealing with other people. Strong drink and games of chance (both) are enemies of these entire matters. These both habits make a mankind selfish, greedy and sensualist, and excite to do those deeds which become foundation of mutual quarrels and mischief. All wise people will agree to it that strong drink and games of chance are actual roots of enmity, quarrels and brawl. It is surprising that they know but do not give them up.   

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif).  https://youtu.be/-HU2SRTCnYA

Alcohol and gambling - Quran Chapter 5 – 90 (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-733) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 90 (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-733) - درس قرآن

Alcohol and gambling

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

90. يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِنَّمَا ٱلْخَمْرُ وَٱلْمَيْسِرُ وَٱلْأَنصَابُ وَٱلْأَزْلَٰمُ رِجْسٌ مِّنْ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنِ فَٱجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْتُفْلِحُونَ

90.  O ye who believe! Strong drink and games of chance and idols and diving arrows are only an uncleanness, of Satan’s handiwork, so keep away from them that ye may succeed.

90.  Yaaa-‘ayyu-hallaziina  ‘aamanuuu  ‘innamal-khamru  wal-may-siru  wal-‘ansaabu  wal-‘azlaamu  rijsum-min  ‘amalish-Shaytaani  faj-tanibuuhu  la-‘allakum  tuf-lihuun.

Commentary

  

‘Ansaabu – (Locality, dwelling place), sacrificing in the name of idols at a place, fixed on their names, this word has been discussed in the beginning of this Chapter (Surah).

‘Azlaamu – (arrows), it is plural of zalama, (like a dice for games). The Arabs used to play games of chance with these arrows. These were used to put near the idols also, upon which different words of command were engraved as “Do, Don’t, Good, Bad” etc. whenever, any work was required to be started, they used to draw an arrow, and act upon that command, which they used to see on that arrow. As though, it was a method of obtaining command of the idol.

It is being commanded in this verse that you should not wander near following four things:-

1.  Strong drink

2.   Games of chance

3.   Idols

4.  Diving arrows

The Arabian people had been addicted of above mentioned four evil habits before the Revelation of Holy Qur’aan. When this Scripture taught the people real method of dwelling in this world, at first; it did not forbid them strictly from strong drink. Even that the commands of the religion were being issued as well as the people continued use of wine. At last the experience taught that the drunkard persons cannot perform their religious duty as it is required. Moreover sometime they do such acts in intoxication condition, which they should not do. When the wise people were sure that the religion and the liquor cannot run collectively, then they desired clear commands regarding the strong drink.

In the beginning, such verses were revealed, in which the people were hindered from strong drink slowly and gradually. Umar (May Allaah be pleased with him), the Companion of the Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) prayed from Allah Almighty for preventing the people from this bad thing absolutely. Then this verse was revealed and four things were fixed in it as disgusting and impure. That is to say; you should run away from them in such a manner as you abstain away from filthy, stench things like urine and stool etc. Because Satan attains His object through these sources and ruins the mankind, and these are the things which are roots of all depravities i.e. Strong drink, Games of chance, worship of Idols and asking them for help, and Diving arrows and knowing command in this manner.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/bX37uexQpto

Commands concerning oaths -2 - Quran Chapter 5 – 89b (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-732) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 89b (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-732) - درس قرآن

Commands concerning oaths -2

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

89. لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِٱللَّغْوِ فِىٓ أَيْمَٰنِكُمْ وَلَٰكِن يُؤَاخِذُكُم بِمَا عَقَّدتُّمُ ٱلْأَيْمَٰنَ ۖ فَكَفَّٰرَتُهُۥٓ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَٰكِينَ مِنْ أَوْسَطِ مَا تُطْعِمُونَ أَهْلِيكُمْ أَوْ كِسْوَتُهُمْ أَوْ تَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ ۖ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَٰثَةِ أَيَّامٍ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ كَفَّٰرَةُ أَيْمَٰنِكُمْ إِذَا حَلَفْتُمْ ۚ وَٱحْفَظُوٓا۟ أَيْمَٰنَكُمْ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمْ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

89b.  But for him who findeth not (the wherewithal to do so) then a three days’ fast. This is the expiation of your oaths when ye have sworn. And keep your oaths. Thus Allah expoundeth unto you His Revelations in order that ye may give thanks.

89b.  Famallam  yajid  fa-Siyaamu  salaasati  ‘ayyaam.  Zaalika  kaffaaratu  ‘aymaani-kum  ‘izaa  halaftum.  Wah-fazuuu  ‘ay-maanakum.  Kazaalika  yu-bayyi-nUllaahu  lakum  ‘Aayaa-tihii  la-‘allakum  tash-kuruun.

Commentary

  

Kaffaaratun – It should also be borne in mind that it is a method of getting liberation from any restriction, which has been prescribed by Allah Almighty.

Halaftum – (you have sworn), it is from halaf, which means ‘an oath’.

The expiation mentioned in the previous lesson is for those people, who have so much wealth that the poor-due becomes incumbent on them to be paid after passing one year with the wealth. Such person is called ‘a possessor of a property/a holder of capital’ (Saahib-e-Nissab). But the person, who is not Saahib-e-Nissab, expiation of oath for him is that he/she should keep a fast for three days. It is commanded that “This is the method of coming out and obtaining deliverance from your oaths if you have sworn (intentionally). Without paying expiation of the oaths, you would have to remain bound of your oaths. So you should think deeply before swearing.

The scholars of the religion have explained that it is not good to abstain from the thing, which is lawful clearly. Its detail is as under:

·         To put oneself in difficulties, to give up good food and good clothing for becoming a worshiper of God Almighty and devotee, is called ‘Priest-hood’, which is not liked in Islam.

·         Someone swears in anger that he would never do any such work which is lawful in accord with Divine precepts of the religion. It is also against Islam.

Its expiation should be paid properly; otherwise, its fulfillment will be compulsory. Then Allah Almighty commands: To facilitate you, Allah Almighty expounds to you His all Revelations. So you should be thankful to Him because He has established a Path for your easiness.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/U-aWtedlpfY

Commands concerning oaths -1 - Quran Chapter 5 – 89a (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-731) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 89a (Pt-7, Stg-2) (L-731) - درس قرآن

Commands concerning oaths -1

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

89. لَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِٱللَّغْوِ فِىٓ أَيْمَٰنِكُمْ وَلَٰكِن يُؤَاخِذُكُم بِمَا عَقَّدتُّمُ ٱلْأَيْمَٰنَ ۖ فَكَفَّٰرَتُهُۥٓ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَٰكِينَ مِنْ أَوْسَطِ مَا تُطْعِمُونَ أَهْلِيكُمْ أَوْ كِسْوَتُهُمْ أَوْ تَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ ۖ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَٰثَةِ أَيَّامٍ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ كَفَّٰرَةُ أَيْمَٰنِكُمْ إِذَا حَلَفْتُمْ ۚ وَٱحْفَظُوٓا۟ أَيْمَٰنَكُمْ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمْ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ

89a.  Allah will not take you to task for that which is unintentional in your oaths, but He will take you to task for the oaths which ye swear in earnest. So the expiation thereof is the feeding of ten of the needy with the average of that wherewith ye feed your own folk, or the clothing of them, or the liberation of a slave.

89a.  Laa  yu-‘aakhizu-kumUllaahu  bil-lagwi  fiii  ‘ay-maanikum  wa  laakiny-yu-‘aakhizukum-  bimaa  ‘aqqattu-mul-‘ay-maan.  Fa-kaffaara-tuhuuu  ‘it-‘aamu  ‘asharati  masaa-kiina  min  ‘aw-sati  maa  tut-‘imuuna  ‘ahliikum  ‘aw  kiswatuhum  ‘aw  tah-riiru  raqabah.

Commentary

  

Laa  yu-‘aakhizu – {will not take (you) to task}, it has been derived from mu-‘aakhizah. ‘Akhaz means ‘to arrest, to support, seizure’. Mu-‘aakhizah means ‘to call to account, categorical answer, to punish’.

Lagwun – (useless, absurd), the deed, done unintentionally).

 ‘Ay-maanu - (Oaths), it is plural of yamiin. As per Arabic language it means ‘oath’.

‘Aqqattum – (you swear in earnest), it is from ta’-qiid, which is made from ‘aqdah. ‘Aqdah is used for ‘a knot’. Ta’-qiid means to tie a knot, to strengthen. So it aims ‘to swear intentionally’.

Kaffaaratun – the deeds, which has to be done as a punishment against any evil, so that the evil may be removed.

It was a form of making good things as unlawful. The people used to swear. If anyone swears that he/she will not do any particular work, then he/she cannot do that. And if someone breaks the oath, then he/she would have to suffer, which is called ‘Expiation of the Oath’.

There is no seizure against any unintentional oath. But it is compulsory to fulfill the oath, which is sworn intentionally. If someone breaks this kind of oath, he/she would have to pay the expiation i.e.

1.    Either he/she would have to feed ten needy persons with the average of that wherewith one feeds one’s own folk, (either causing  them to sit down collectively or pay any poor equal to Sadqa-i-Fitr of ten members of the family),

2.    Or give the clothing to ten indigent people (which should be as sufficient that the needy may cover maximum part of one’s body {a set of shirt and trousers or a colored cloth worn as a dhoti (Lungi) and a sheet}, and or

3.    Set any slave/maid free.   

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif).  https://youtu.be/I67-yxSlWOM