Purpose of the Battle of Badr - Quran Chapter 8 – 8 & 9 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1087) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 8 & 9 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1087) - درس قرآن

Purpose of the Battle of Badr

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

لِيُحِقَّٱلْحَقَّ وَيُبْطِلَ ٱلْبَٰطِلَ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ ٱلْمُجْرِمُونَ 8

 إِذْ تَسْتَغِيثُونَ رَبَّكُمْ فَٱسْتَجَابَ لَكُمْ أَنِّى مُمِدُّكُم بِأَلْفٍ مِّنَ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ مُرْدِفِينَ 9 

8.  That He might cause the Truth to triumph and bring vanity to naught, however much the guilty oppose. 9.  When ye sought help of your Lord and He answered you (saying): I will help you with a thousand of the angels, rank on rank.

8.  Li-yuhiqqal-Haqqa  wa  yubtilal-Baatila  wa  law  karihal-mujrimuun. 9.  ‘Iz  tasta-giisuuna  Rabbakum  fasta-jaaba  lakum  ‘annii  mumiddukum-  bi-  ‘alfim-minal-  malaaa-‘ikati  murdifiin.

Commentary

Yuhiqqu – (to cause to triumph), this word is from ‘ahqaaq, which has been derived from haqq. Haqq means the Truth. It aims that; that should be proved which is true.  

Yubtilu – (to naught, to prove that it is vanity, falsehood), this is from ‘abtaal, which has come out from batala. Batala means “a lie, vanity, falseness”.

Tasta-giisuuna – (you sought help), it is from ‘ista-gaasah, which has been derived from gaws. Gaws means help, and ‘istagaasah means “to seek help”. It aims “by showing your helplessness, you asked your Lord for help”.

‘Asta-jaaba – {(He) answered, heard and accepted your complaint, sanctioned your application}. It means “answer” and is past tense from the word ‘asta-jaabatun which means to answer, to sanction one’s application. The word ‘ajaabatun comes also, nearly for the same purpose.

Murdifiin (rank on rank, who would be coming constantly), it is the subject which is plural of murdifun, has been derived from ‘irdaafun. ‘Irdaafun means “to follow”. Radaf and radiif means “the individual who has been sitting behind someone or following”.  

It is commanded that Allah Almighty desired that the caravan of merchants should be saved and go forth from your strike, and you should meet the armed fighters of Makkah, so that He show you the Wonder of His Divine Power, and handful, unarmed Muslims kill and arrest more than them threefold armed people, so that the Truth is disclosed in the world. Although, how much displeasure is exposed by the infidels and the evil livers, and they are unpleasant due to defeat, and you considered yourselves unable to fight against them. You were worrying due to shortage of Muslims’ manpower and war equipment. You begged from Allah Almighty for help and He accepted your request and said: I will send a thousand Angels (peace be upon Them) for your help; who will be coming continuously one after one. The Angels (peace be upon Them) cannot be seen by the human beings but their influence is felt by the hearts immediately and perfect satisfaction is produced.  

If someone feels satisfaction and his confusion is gone after supplication during any occasion of difficulty, then he should consider that the Angels (peace be upon Them) have been helping him.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/LRmiqdv4fMY

Instead of Caravan; Army met - Quran Chapter 8 – 7 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1086) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 7 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1086) - درس قرآن

Instead of Caravan; Army met

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَإِذْ يَعِدُكُمُ ٱللَّهُإِحْدَى ٱلطَّآئِفَتَيْنِ أَنَّهَا لَكُمْ وَتَوَدُّونَ أَنَّ غَيْرَ ذَاتِ ٱلشَّوْكَةِ تَكُونُ لَكُمْ وَيُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُحِقَّ ٱلْحَقَّ بِكَلِمَٰتِهِۦ وَيَقْطَعَ دَابِرَ ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ 7 

7.  And when Allah promised you one of the two bands (of the enemy) that it should be yours, and ye longed that other than the armed one might be yours; and Allah willed that He should cause the Truth to triumph by His Words, and cut the root of the disbelievers.

7.  Wa  ‘iz  ya-‘iduku-mUllaahu  ‘ihdat-taaa-‘ifatayni  ‘annahaa  lakum  wa  ta-wadduuna  ‘anna  gayra  zaatish-shawkati  takuunu  lakum  wa  yurii-dUllaahu  ‘any-yu-hiqqal-Haqqa  bi-Kalimaati-Hii  wa  yaqta-‘a  daabiral-kaafiriin.

Commentary

Gayra  zaatish-shawkati  - (that, in which there is no thorn or other than the armed one), actual meaning of shawkatun is a thorn, after that it became power and dignity. It aims “the party, which is not for fighting but has wealth, which can be obtained without trouble”.

A period of more than one year had passed when the Muslims had reached in Madinah. And the Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) had settled them comfortably altogether and mutually. But there was a fear every time from the people of Makkah, and it was sure that they would never miss any chance of dissension and mischief. Therefore, the Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) used to send some parties in the vicinity of Madinah for knowing about the current news and emphasized the monitoring of mobility of the infidels of Makkah.

Ultimately, one day, the news reached that a body of traders was returning from Syria with wealth and goods in abundance and they had to pass by the nearby way of Madinah. The chieftain of the caravan was Abu Sufyan. He caused to run a female camel rider to Makkah that they should run for the safety of the caravan, because he felt danger of attack by the Muslims.

When the people of Makkah heard, their all respectable people prepared for fighting, took brave men with them and came out. On the other side, Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) took His Companions (may Allah be pleased with Them) with Him and came out of Madinah.

The Muslims thought that they would see the caravan of the merchants and they would take possession on the wealth of enemies without any trouble. But it happened that Abu Sufyan went forth by another way saving his caravan from Madinah, and the Army, which came from Makkah to save them, the Muslims met them face to face at the place of Badr.

It has been described in this verse: You wished to defeat the enemy financially without fighting but Allah Almighty, The Knower of Unseen decided that you should fight with the equipped Army and the infidels should be defeated and the Truth should be made manifest by the Command of God Almighty; and the false should be abolished. The disbelievers were defeated in such a way that their root was cut.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/8HbkWo2TTh4

How the war took place? - Quran Chapter 8 – 5 & 6 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1085) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 5 & 6 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1085) - درس قرآن

How the war took place?

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

                                                                                        

كَمَآ أَخْرَجَكَ رَبُّكَ مِنۢ بَيْتِكَ بِٱلْحَقِّوَإِنَّ فَرِيقًا مِّنَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَكَٰرِهُونَ 5

 يُجَٰدِلُونَكَ فِى ٱلْحَقِّ بَعْدَمَا تَبَيَّنَ كَأَنَّمَا يُسَاقُونَ إِلَى ٱلْمَوْتِ وَهُمْ يَنظُرُونَ 6 

5.  Even as thy Lord caused thee (Muhammad) to go forth from thy home with the Truth, and lo! a party of the believers were averse (to it) - 6.  Disputing with thee of the Truth after it had been made manifest, as if they were being driven to death visible.

5.  Kamaaa  ‘akhrajaka  Rabbuka  mim-  baytika  bil-Haqqi  wa  ‘inna  fariiqam-minal-  Mu’-miniina  la-kaarihuun.  6.  Yujaadi-luunaka  fil-Haqqi  ba’-da  maa  tabayyana  ka-‘an-namaa  yusaa-quuna  ‘ilal-mawti  wa  hum  yanzuruun.

Commentary

Haqqun – (the Truth), the word Haqq is of Arabic language and spoken for “reasonable, correct and the truth”. Here it aims the discourse; mentioning of which is quite according to reliance.

Kaarihuun – (those people who consider something wrong), this word is plural of kaarihun and grammatically it is “the subject”, which has been derived from karah. The word makruuh is from it also which means “disliked, unwillingness, forcibly”. Here it aims the same.

Yusaa-quuna – (are being driven to), it is from sawq, which means “to drive, to urge on (beasts, by shouts and cries), to get before, to make one go before”.

There were commands about “The Spoils of War” in the previous verses that it was of Allah Almighty and He would distribute it, in those people to whom He would desire, by means of His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him). This matter has been explained in this verse and the verses coming forth, by mentioning the big events of the Battle of Badr itself, that they should behold and think about these incidents, that these were happened by mere the Will and Command of Allah Almighty. There was no part of your will in these entire happenings from the beginning to the end. Then, you were succeeded in it purely by the support of Allah Almighty, otherwise; you did have nothing for victory. How do you point out that you have a right in the Spoils? It is clear that the Owner of the Spoils is He; due to Whose discretion the Battle was fought and with Whose help; it was conquered.

It is commanded that the Owner of the Spoils of War is Allah Almighty and it is the matter that the situation of this entire Battle happened from the beginning to the end. O Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him)! Allah Almighty put it in your heart that now; there is a chance of taking revenge from the infidels against their inhumanity behavior; otherwise a party of the Muslims was hesitating from fighting with effect from the beginning. And when they had to face the equipped Army instead of the caravan of the tradesmen, then many of them began to quarrel. And they were so much afraid of the situation that as they were being driven unto the well of death. But it was the Will of Allah Almighty that they should fight with the Qureysh and the unarmed Muslims should obtain victory.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/EfTe0qHL4Ec

Grades of honor for true Believers - Quran Chapter 8 – 4 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1084) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 4 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1084) - درس قرآن

Grades of honor for true Believers

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ حَقًّا لَّهُمْ دَرَجَٰتٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ وَمَغْفِرَةٌ وَرِزْقٌ كَرِيمٌ 4 

4.  Those are they who are in truth Believers. For them are grades (of honour) with their Lord, and pardon, and a bountiful provision.

4.  ‘Ulaaa-‘ika  humul-Mu’-minuuna  haqqaa.  Lahum  darajaatun  ‘inda  Rabbihim  wa  magfiratunw-wa  rizqun-kariim.

Commentary

It was commanded in the first verse of this Chapter: Keep your duty to Allah Almighty, do not cross His bounds. Do not quarrel due to a little matters, because if you became obedient of Allah Almighty then, there will be no chance of any dispute. It is found that it is the only way to finish the mutual disputes and that all of you should bow heads before the Command of One God Almighty.

Allah Almighty commanded in the second verse that when you say yourselves believers then you have to abide by one way. Saying only; by oneself; a believer; is not sufficient but there is a need of producing the signs of Belief into oneself. Then, those signs were described, detail of which, we have discussed in the previous lesson.

In this verse, the reward and remuneration, which Allah Almighty has fixed for the believers, have been described that they, not only say with their tongues; themselves believers, but try to adopt the habits and qualities like believers too.

It is commanded that only those people are true believers who have these five characteristics (which were discussed in the previous lesson). Notwithstanding that everyone says oneself a believer, none is happy from the title of infidel for oneself, but one will gain one’s end at that time when one will prove by one’s deeds and manners that verily one is Believer.

For such people are higher grades of honor with Allah Almighty. According to their grades, God Almighty will bestow to them His propinquity and closeness. Their ordinary mistakes will be forgiven. And they will be provided all kinds of provisions for eating, drinking and dwelling with ease and comfort; so that they live happy in the blessings of God Almighty always. And they will find all luxurious things, while residing with respect in their dwelling places.
The intelligent people have concluded from these verses that acceptance (by tongue) of God Almighty, the last Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) and the Day of Resurrection is sufficient for entering into Islamic Community. The individual who admits it and adopts the way of living with Muslims, entered in Islam, and then his/her safety and help is overall responsibility of all Muslims.  

Then he/she should instill the truth of Belief and try to adopt those habits wholeheartedly, which were discussed in the previous lesson.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/JZjhKsl2PS0

Signs of the Believers - Quran Chapter 8 – 2 & 3 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1083) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 2 & 3 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1083) - درس قرآن

Signs of the Believers

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

إِنَّمَاٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ ٱلَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِرَ ٱللَّهُ وَجِلَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَإِذَا تُلِيَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَٰتُهُۥ زَادَتْهُمْ إِيمَٰنًا وَعَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ 2

 ٱلَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَمِمَّارَزَقْنَٰهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ 3 

2.  They only are the (true) believers whose hearts feel fear when Allah is mentioned, and when His Revelations are recited unto them they increase their faith, and who trust in their Lord- 3.  Who establish worship and spend of that We have bestowed on them.

2.  ‘Innamal-Mu’-minuu-nallaziina  ‘izaa  zuki-rAllaahu  wajilat  quluubu-hum  wa  ‘izaa  tuliyat-  ‘alay-him  ‘Aayaatu-Huu  zaadat-hum  ‘iimaananw-wa  ‘alaa  Rabbihim  yata-wakkaluun. 3.  ‘Allaziina  yuqii-muunas-Salaata  wa  mimmaa  razaq-Naahum  yun-fiquun.

Commentary

Wajilat – (feel fear), this word has been derived from the word wajala. Wajala means “fear, dread”. Wajilat means “they fear”.

Tuliyat – (are recited). Origin of this word is tilaawatun, which means “to recite the Scripture of Allaah Almighty”.

The signs of the Believers have been described clearly in this verse. It is commanded that the Believers are those people who:

·         The hearts of those people begin to tremble with fear when they hear the name of God Almighty.

·         When the verses of Holy Qur’an (revealed by Allah Almighty) are recited before them, listening to them, their belief and faith in Allah Almighty is strengthened further and their confidence increases that “This Word cannot be of any mankind. Certainly, Allah Almighty has sent down by means of Divine revelation on His last Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), and through Him, bestowed for the human beings (us)”. They feel that “Allah Almighty has been speaking with them directly”.

·         They establish worship and arrange to offer the prayers timely.

·         Instead of thinking that they should collect the goods, wealth and property by snatching unlawfully from others, they consider that all those things which they possess; are given by Allah Almighty. Therefore, they spend in the name of Allah Almighty at every occasion from their state of owing and try to make it beneficial for other people.

·         They trust only in their Lord (God Almighty), beg from Him, and do neither worship any other than Him and nor are desirous to take help from anyone else.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/Y2e3_joUrD4

Rules for dividing “the Spoils of War” - Quran Chapter 8 – 1 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1082) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 1 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1082) - درس قرآن

Rules for dividing “the Spoils of War”

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

Principles and rules regarding the Law of distribution of the spoils of war have been described in the verse under discussion and the people have been caused to know: You fought against the infidels in accordance with the Commands of Allah Almighty and every individual of you performed according to one’s own extent. After that, you got victory with the help of Allah Almighty, and there is no hand of you in this success. Therefore, it is not fair to point out by every individual of you that he has right in the spoils of war. These spoils of war are of Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him). They are Authority to decide on it; whatever They desire to do.

Young men moved ahead and fought on front line in the Battle of Badr, and elders to them supported them steadily from the back. Some people engaged in the safety of the Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him). Every one of them began to say: Spoils is my right. To courage the young men, the Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) had told them: Share from the spoils of war will be given to that individual as retribution who will work actively.

When the time came, the young men said: We struck many people moving ahead and killed others. Therefore, please arrange for our reward. Other people began to say: According to this situation, these people will take away the entire booty, whereas other all will remain empty-handed.

To settle these disputes, at first, it has been caused to understand in this verse: The spoils of war belong to Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him). Whatever you performed in the battle, performed for the sake of Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), not for getting the spoils of war. It entire was a token of your Belief. Now, while Allah Almighty has arranged for you to obtain victory, then, it is the demand of your Belief that you must accept that the Owners of the spoils of war are Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him). You have to obey Their decision. Further detail will be discussed later.

Four instructions have been given in this verse for the Believers:

1.    The spoils of war are of Allah Almighty because the victory was obtained by His support only. The Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) is His Vicegerent. Therefore, He has the right to dispose off it.

2.    Remember the pleasure of Allaah Almighty in the work, whatever you do and fear His displeasure.

3.    Do not contend among yourselves for just little things and improve your mutual relations.

4.    Leave it to judge Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) in every dispute. For you is only that; which They say. So; act upon Their Command without wrangling. 

The entire people bowed before these declarations and accepted that; certainly! We have won with the support of Allah Almighty only. So, neither we have any right in that which spoils were obtained by means of victory and nor we can deprive others by possessing because, however, every individual took part in the battle in any form.

This is the lesson which Holy Qur’an taught the Muslims in the beginning. It was explained clearly: Believers’ work is that they should abide by the Law. Making the Law is the work of Allah Almighty and deciding according to those laws depends on the Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), and the duty of His vicegerents believers and Caliphs. The duty of the believers is not any other than following the Law and its respect. Everyone should be saved from antagonism among one another, obey the Decision of Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him).

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/h4Z66YUDmoo