Arrangements of War - Quran Chapter 8 – 43 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1110) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 43 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1110) - درس قرآن

Arrangements of War

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

 إِذْ يُرِيكَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِى مَنَامِكَ قَلِيلًا وَلَوْ أَرَىٰكَهُمْ كَثِيرًا لَّفَشِلْتُمْ وَلَتَنَٰزَعْتُمْ فِى ٱلْأَمْرِ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَلَّمَ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيمٌۢ بِذَاتِٱلصُّدُورِ 43

43.  When Allah showed them unto thee (O Muhammad) in thy dream as few in number, and if He had shown them to thee as many, ye (Muslims) would have faltered and would have quarreled over the affair, but Allah saved (you). Lo! He knoweth what is in the breasts (of men).

43.  ‘Iz  yuriika  -humUllaahu  fii  manaa-mika  qaliilaa.  Wa  law  ‘araa-kahum  kasiiral-la-fashiltum  wa  lata-naaza’-tum  fil-‘amri  wa  laakin-nAllaaha   sallam.  ‘InnaHuu  ‘Aliimum-  bizaatis-suduur.

Commentary

Fashiltum – (you would have faltered), it is past tense. Fashal means “to become languid or enfeebled, to be lazy during work”.

Tanaaza’-tum – (you would have quarreled), past tense from the word tanaaza’, which has been derived from naza’. Naza’ means “withdraw, quarrel with one another, contention, snatching forcibly, and mutual brawl”. It aims that you would have begun to quarrel among yourselves.

‘Amri – (the affair), this word has many usages. Here it aims “that work which was before them at that time i.e. fight against unbelievers”.  

Zaatis-suduur – (in the breasts), zaat means “the keeper”. Suduur is plural of sadar, which means breast. The heart is in the breast. Therefore, here it aims “the hearts”. Zaatis-suduur means “those matters which come in the hearts/minds of the people”.

It has been commanded in this verse that it was the Will of God Almighty that you should fight the infidels and defeat them, because He is Aware of the expedience of all people. He showed His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) in the dream that the disbelievers (against whom the Muslims have to fight) were few in number.

The expedience in it was that the Muslims should be encouraged; weakness and laziness should not come in their minds. If the Messenger of God Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) would have seen more strength of disbelievers in His dream; as it actually was, and the Muslims would have heard about such dream, then they would have lost their spirit and their intents would have been mean spirited.

Any individual of them would have talked “how can we fight face to face too much big Army? It is not good to come out against them”. Any other would have said: No! We should move against them. When there is mutual misunderstanding in any work that whether it should be done or otherwise, then that situation is not good. Allah Almighty arranged to save them.

God Almighty showed in the dream of His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) that the strength of infidels is very less. It meant that although they are more in number but this strength is useless, because they will be defeated badly in such a way which happens with few people.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/dRaHZ3Mit4g

Battle of Badr happened by the Will of Allah - Quran Chapter 8 – 42 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1109) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 42 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1109) - درس قرآن

Battle of Badr happened by the Will of Allah

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

إِذْ أَنتُم بِٱلْعُدْوَةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَهُم بِٱلْعُدْوَةِ ٱلْقُصْوَىٰ وَٱلرَّكْبُ أَسْفَلَمِنكُمْ وَلَوْ تَوَاعَدتُّمْ لَٱخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِى ٱلْمِيعَٰدِ وَلَٰكِن لِّيَقْضِىَ ٱللَّهُ أَمْرًا كَانَ مَفْعُولًا لِّيَهْلِكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ عَنۢ بَيِّنَةٍ وَيَحْيَىٰ مَنْ حَىَّ عَنۢ بَيِّنَةٍ وَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَلَسَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ 42

42.  When ye were on the near bank (of the valley) and they were on the yonder bank, and the caravan was below you (on the coast plain). And had ye trysted to meet one another ye surely would have failed to keep the tryst, but (it happened, as it did, without the forethought of either of you) that Allah might conclude a thing that must be done; that he who was to perish (on that day) might perish by a clear proof (of His Sovereignty) and he who was to survive might survive by a clear proof (of His Sovereignty). Lo! Allah in truth is Hearer, Knower.

42.  ‘Iz  ‘antum  bil-‘udwatid-dunyaa  wa  hum  bil-‘udwatil-quswaa  war-rakbu  ‘asfala  minkum.  Wa  law  tawaa-‘attum  lakh-talaftum  fil-mii-‘aadi,  wa  laakilli-yaqzi-yAllaahu  ‘amran-  kaana  maf-‘uulan,  Liyah-lika  man  halaka  ‘am-  Bayyi-natinw-wa  yah-yaa  man  hayya  ‘am-  Bayyinah.  Wa  ‘innAllaaha  la-Samii-‘un  ‘Aliim.

Commentary

 ‘Al-‘udwatu – (bank, side, boundary), origin of this word is ‘adu, which means “opposite side”. It aims also “to cross the line, an enemy”. The words ‘udwaan and ‘adaawah etc. are from it too. Here it means “the place, which is at some distance”.  

‘Ad-dunyaa – (near, close to), the word Dunyaa means “this world too because this world is near, and it is feminine of ‘adnaa. Both words have the same meaning i.e. near.

‘Al-quswaa – (on the yonder bank, distant, far), quswaa is feminine of ‘aqsaa. Meanings of both words are “away”.

Bayyi-nah – (clear proof, evidence and arguments), here it aims “such clear proof, argument and reason should be established on the truth that there should remain no scope of doubt to any individual.

In the Battle of Badr, the Muslims were on that side which was near Madinah, whereas the idolaters of Makkah were at that place which was far from Madinah, and the caravan of Qureish traders was going to Makkah; along-side the bank of the sea; below that place where the Muslims were existing.

The Muslims came out from Madinah with the intention of taking possession of the wealth of that caravan, but the caravan escaped, whereas they confronted the Army of the infidels of Makkah who had come to save their caravan.

In this verse, a map of both parties at the place of Badr and the place of caravan; has been drawn. The Muslims were at that side of the field of Badr, which was near Madinah. On the opposite side before them, the infidels were staying on the yonder bank from Madinah. And the caravan had arrived at a safe place behind the Army of infidels in other valley by crossing both troops. Likewise, the Army of infidels was between the Muslims and the caravan.

It is commanded that this entire map of the war was determined by the will of God Almighty because He desired to manifest the right and the wrong clearly, and the world should know that the Muslims were on the Right Path but the infidels at wrong.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/BFpjePR2Rk0

Distribution of the Spoils of War - Quran Chapter 8 – 41 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1108) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 41 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1108) - درس قرآن

Distribution of the Spoils of War

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُم مِّن شَىْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُۥ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِى ٱلْقُرْبَىٰ وَٱلْيَتَٰمَىٰ وَٱلْمَسَٰكِينِ وَٱبْنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ إِن كُنتُمْ ءَامَنتُم بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أَنزَلْنَاعَلَىٰ عَبْدِنَا يَوْمَ ٱلْفُرْقَانِ يَوْمَ ٱلْتَقَى ٱلْجَمْعَانِ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ 41

41.  And know that whatever ye take as spoils of war, lo! a fifth thereof is for Allah, and for the Messenger and for the kinsman (who hath need) and orphans and the needy and the wayfarer, if ye believe in Allah and that which We sent down upon unto Our slave on the Day of Discrimination, the day when the two armies met. And Allah is Able to do all things.

41.  WA’-LAMUUU  ‘ANNAMAA  GANIM-TUM-min  shay-‘in  fa-‘anna  LIllaahi  khumusahuu  wa  lir-Rasuuli  wa  lizilqurbaa  wal-yataamaa  wal-masaakiini  wab-nis-sabiili,  ‘in  kuntum  ‘aa-mantum  BIllaahi  wa  maaa  ‘anzalNaa  ‘alaa  ‘AbdiNaa  Yawmal-Furqaani  Yawmal-taqal-jam-‘aan.  WAllaahu  ‘alaa  kulli  shay-‘in  Qadiir.

Commentary

‘Al-Furqaani – (Discrimination, decision), this word has been derived from the word farq, which means “separation”. Furqaan means “the thing; which discriminates between two opponents. Here, this discrimination took place by means of the Battle of Badr. Therefore, it aims the Battle of Badr.

Summary of this verse is that you should separate fifth part of the spoils of war for the name of God Almighty, which is gained after fighting with the disbelievers, if you believe in Him and you are sure that it was not possible for you to get victory in the Battle of Badr. That success was due to special support of Allah Almighty which He sent down for the help of His special Servant and Messenger, Muhammad (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) during war and for his satisfaction. God Almighty sent down His Angels (peace be upon them) for help and you succeeded. Having faith in it, it is not difficult to draw fifth part for the name of God Almighty. This fifth part of the spoils of war will be spent by His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) being Allah’s Vicegerent on the following:

·         For Himself (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him)

·         For His kinsmen, Bani Hashim and Bani Abdil Mutlib; who helped Him in the beginning and to whom; paying the poor-due (Zakaat) is forbidden.

·         The orphans

·         The needy people

·         The wayfarers

Remaining four parts of the spoils of the war will be distributed in the Army. The rider soldiers will be given double than the foot soldiers.

After the departure of the Messenger of God Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), His own and His kinsmen’s part from the spoils of war has been discontinued. Then; only orphans, the poor and needy people were entitled (rightful) of the spoils of war.

The scholar of the religion said that Messenger of God Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) used to draw some part from the spoils of war for the Inviolable Place of Worship (the House of God at Makkah). According to their opinion, those people who live away from The Squire Building of Makkah, they should separate some part for their Masaajid (Mosques).

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/Pk3C5lpoHGI

Law of Allah - Quran Chapter 8 – 38 to 40 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1107) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 38 to 40 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1107) - درس قرآن

Law of Allah

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

       قُل لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ إِن يَنتَهُوا۟ يُغْفَرْ لَهُم مَّا قَدْ سَلَفَ وَإِن يَعُودُوا۟ فَقَدْ مَضَتْسُنَّتُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ 38

  وَقَٰتِلُوهُمْ حَتَّىٰ لَا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ وَيَكُونَ ٱلدِّينُ كُلُّهُۥ لِلَّهِ فَإِنِ ٱنتَهَوْا۟ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ 39

  وَإِن تَوَلَّوْا۟ فَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَمَوْلَىٰكُمْ نِعْمَ ٱلْمَوْلَىٰ وَنِعْمَ ٱلنَّصِيرُ 40

38.  Tell those who disbelieve that if they cease (from persecution of believers) that which is past will be forgiven them; but if they return (thereto) then the example of the men of old hath already gone (before them, for a warning). 39.  And fight them until persecution is no more, and religion is all for Allah. But if they cease, then lo! Allah is Seer of what they do. 40.  And if they turn away, then know that Allah is your Befriender. A Transcendent Patron, and a Transcendent Helper!

38.  Qul-lillaziina  kafaruuu  ‘iny-yan-tahuu  yugfar lahum-maa  qad  salaf.  Wa  ‘iny-ya-‘uu-duu  faqad  mazat  Sunnatul-‘awwa-liin. 39.  Wa  qaati-luu-hum  hattaa  laa  takuuna  fit-natunw-wa  yakuunad-Diinu  kulluhuu  LIllaah.  Fa-‘inin-tahaw  fa-‘innAllaaha  bimaa  ya’-maluuna  Basiir. 40.  Wa  ‘in-  ta-wal-law  fa’-lamuuu  ‘annAllaaha  Mawlaakum.  Ni’-mal-  Mawlaa  wa  Ni’-man-Nasiir.

Commentary

Fit-natun – (persecution), meaning of this word has been explained in previous lessons. Here it aims “the riot and the disorder”.

Diinun and Hukmun – there are many meanings of the word Diinun, which have been described previously. This word has come in the first Chapter (Suratul-Faatihah) and after that; at many places. Its meanings have been taken at every place according to the occasion. Here it means “The way of conduct and behavior” which is established by the influence of great people of the nation. The aim of using this word here is that the method of conduct of the human being should be as it has been prescribed by God Almighty and He has guided instead of obeying the command of any other contrary to His obedience.

It is commanded that the Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) should say to those who disbelieve that if they will abstain from wicked deeds and cease from persecution of Muslims, then their past entire evil deeds and sins will be forgiven. But if they returned (carried on persecuting the believers) then they should bear in mind that they will be punished with the same; which they have tasted in the past.

The Believers are being commanded that they should be ready in all respect to fight against them until they are inclined for mischief, disorder and riot, and till the time; their manners do not become in accord with the correct way entirely for which Allah Almighty has instructed strictly Himself.

If they accept, you should not say to them about anything and the matter should be left for the final decision of God Almighty. But if they deny and continue persecuting; then oppose them face to face and fight them. And you should remember that Allah Almighty is your Best Supporting Friend, and except Him; there can be no other transcendent patron and transcendent helper of yours.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/od3wAqNEJ1Y

Separating the Good from the Bad - Quran Chapter 8 – 37 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1106) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 8 – 37 (Pt-9, Stg-2) (L-1106) - درس قرآن

Separating the Good from the Bad

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

       لِيَمِيزَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْخَبِيثَ مِنَ ٱلطَّيِّبِ وَيَجْعَلَ ٱلْخَبِيثَ بَعْضَهُۥ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍفَيَرْكُمَهُۥ جَمِيعًا فَيَجْعَلَهُۥ فِى جَهَنَّمَ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْخَٰسِرُونَ 37

37.  That Allah may separate the wicked from the good, and the wicked will He place piece upon piece, and heap them all together, and consign them unto Hell. Such verily are the losers.

37.  Li-yamii-zAllaahul-khabiisa  minat-tayyibi  wa  yaj-‘alal-khabiisa  ba’-zahuu  ‘alaa  ba’-zin-  fayar-kumahuu  jamii-‘an-  fa-yaj-‘alahuu  fii  Jahannam.  ‘Ulaaa-‘ika  humul-khaa-siruun.

Commentary

Li-yamiiza – {(He) may separate}, origin of this word is mayzun. Mayzun means “to separate from one another”. From the same origin; the words “tamiiz and mumtaaz etc. have been derived”.

Yar-kuma – (heaping something), it is an origin from the word rakmun. Rakmun means “bringing the things together which have been scattered hither and thither”.

It was commanded earlier that the infidels will continue to try that the people should not go the Way of God Almighty. For this purpose, they will spend their wealth and life, even everything; but they will never succeed.

In this verse; it has been explained that there are all kinds of people living in the world i.e. good and wicked; and they try their best to do at their own. Allah Almighty sends His Prophets and Messengers (peace be upon Them) for their guidance. They cause to know their nations and people carefully about those works which are useful and good; and which are useless and bad, that is to say; these matters are lawful and legal, whereas those are unlawful and illegal.

Those people who have been entangled in evil habits, do not want to change themselves and desire to remove good people and their good habits. But whenever any occasion comes, good people and evil livers oppose face to face and fight against each other, then God Almighty helps those who are good and causes to defeat the wicked people. They are conquered but good people prosper. Difference between good and bad is manifested. Therefore, it was happened with the people of Makkah. Islam began to spread into them. Disbelievers and infidels tried to press It. Then Allah Almighty commanded the Muslims to leave that sacred place (Makkah) and arranged a battle openly between both parties (the Battle of Badr was fought among the Muslims and the idolaters of Makkah). The aim from these entire circumstances has been described in this verse.

It is commanded that Allah Almighty desired that the good, pious and pure people should be separated from the wicked, malevolent and impure. And when they are separated then the wicked and evil doers should be placed upon one another all together like a bundle of fire-wood and consign all of them unto the Fire of the Hell instantly, so that they may understand that by opposing the good people; they earned loss entirely. They suffered disgrace and infamy in the world, and in addition, on the Day of Judgment, they will be thrown in to the Hell. What would be more damage and loss than it?

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/nF-ckZSMqmg