Quran Chapter
9 – Intro (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1139) - درس قرآن
Introduction of Chapter Nine
Chapter Tawbah (Repentance)
– Surah – 9)
‘A-‘uu-zu Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)
BisMillaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim is
not written before this Surah. Wrathful commandments have been
mentioned in it concerning the disbelievers. According to setting, it is ninth Chapter
of Holy Qur’an, whereas its number of Revelation is one hundred
thirteenth. It was revealed in Madinah during ninth Hijrah.
Before its revelation, Treaty of Hudaibiyah was made during
sixth AH.
Reason of its revelation was
that, when treaty was made with Qureish, then the tribe of Banu
Khuzaa-‘ah made an agreement with the Muslims, and the tribe of Banu
Bakr became ally of Qureish. After two years, Banu
Bakr attacked on Banu Khuzaa-‘ah and they did not
care that a treaty between their allies (Qureish) and Muslims had been
made at hudaibiyah, and one of the terms of treaty was:
Neither Qureish and Muslims will attack over each other and
nor they will help the assailants.
The Qureish of Makkah helped
the tribe of Banu Bakr with weapons etc. and it was obvious
disobedience of the treaty of Hudaibiyah. Then it became necessary
for the Muslims to help the tribe of Banu Khuzaa-‘ah in
accordance with the agreement. Therefore, the Messenger of God Almighty (grace,
glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) attacked on Makkah during
eighth AH and conquered it very easily.
At the time of conquest
of Makkah, the Muslims had different relationships with different
tribes of Arab. Some of them were those; with whom the agreement was for a
fixed duration. Some were those who made treaty without fixation of time. Many
were such tribes, with which; there was no treaty or agreement. It was meant
that by seizing Makkah, the entire Arabian Peninsula had been
captured.
It was decided in the Knowledge
of God Almighty that the entire Arabian Peninsula would be a strong Fort of
Islam, where no other person would be able to interfere except Muslims, and by
spreading the brotherhood of Makkah, it shall make the Arab one
unity. Following incidents took place constantly to meet this goal.
Peace treaty was held during
sixth AH. In eighth AH, the people of Qureish broke it by
opposing the same term, and during the same year, the Muslims attacked on Makkah suddenly
and conquered it. During ninth AH, the subject Surah was
revealed, in which it was decided that the Muslims would be sovereigns directly
of the Peninsula of Arab without partnership of any other.
When this Chapter was revealed,
a Caravan of Muslims had moved to Makkah for performing
Pilgrimage under supervision and leadership of Abu Bakr Siddique (May
God be pleased with Him). As soon as this Surah was revealed,
an ambassador, that is to say; Ali (May God be pleased with Him) was sent
unto Abu Bakr Siddique (May God be pleased with Him) and was
instructed that at the time of Hajj, He (May God be pleased with Him) should
proclaim in the field of Arafaat or Minaa: All
those treaties and agreements have been broken, which were made with idolaters
and disbelievers. The person, who does not want to accept Islam, should arrange
for himself, otherwise will be put to death. This announcement was read and
caused to hear by Ali (May God be pleased with Him).
Different verses of this
Chapter have been revealed for different tribes and about different events.
Abridged summary of it has been appended below:
1. In the beginning, the idolaters were warned: There is no further
treaty or agreement among you and us. You are given respite for four months.
Either you should join Islamic brotherhood by accepting Islam; or get out of
the Peninsula of Arab. Infamy of the world and the Day of Resurrection has been
written for you. With this proclamation, idol-worshiping was ended from the
Arab for ever.
2. The Christian emperor of Rome was going to be prepared to press
the increasing power of the Muslims. There are news about them and instructions
about those wars which will be fought against them in future.
3. The Muslims are being guided to be separate from the hypocrites
and remain vigilant from them.
