How can there be any treaty? - Quran Chapter 9 – 8 & 9 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1146) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 9 – 8 & 9 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1146) - درس قرآن

How can there be any treaty?

Chapter Tawbah (Repentance) – Surah – 9)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

كَيْفَ وَإِن يَظْهَرُوا۟ عَلَيْكُمْ لَا يَرْقُبُوا۟ فِيكُمْ إِلًّا وَلَاذِمَّةً يُرْضُونَكُم بِأَفْوَٰهِهِمْ وَتَأْبَىٰ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ فَٰسِقُونَ 8

 ٱشْتَرَوْا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًافَصَدُّوا۟ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦٓ إِنَّهُمْ سَآءَ مَا كَانُوا۟ يَعْمَلُونَ 9

8.  How (can there be any treaty for the others) when, if they have the upper hand of you, they regard neither ties of kinship nor any pact in respect of you? They satisfy you with their mouths, while their hearts refuse. And most of them are wrongdoers. 9.  They have purchased with the Revelations of Allah a little gain, so they debar (men) from His Way. Lo! Evil is that which they are wont to do.

8.  Kayfa  wa  ‘iny-yaz-haruu  ‘alay-kum  laa  yar-qubuu  fii-kum  ‘illanw-wa  laa  zimmah.  Yurzuu-nakum-  bi-‘afwaa-hi-him-  wa  ta’-baa  quluu-buhum.  Wa  ‘aksaruhum  faasiquun. 9.  ‘Ish-taraw  bi-‘Aayaa-tIllaahi  samanan-  qaliilan-  fasadduu  ‘an-SabiiliH.  ‘Inna-hum  saaa-‘a  maa  kaanuu  ya’-maluun.

Commentary

‘Iny-yaz-haruu – (if they have the upper hand of you), the origin of this word is zaharun. Zaharun means “to prevail over someone”. This word is used also for the back, the loins, the back part, so, for the word “overcoming” this meaning is suitable too, because sitting on the back of an animal means “to get an opportunity over it, to get the upper hand”.

‘Illan – (this Arabic word is used for nearness, relationship, kinship, affinity, connection, kindred, friendship, articles of agreement etc.)

It is commanded that there is no form of a treaty of alliance with these idolaters. Until they are under influence, they make articles of agreement apparently. But when and where they prevail over you a little, then they regard neither the ties of kinship, nor friendship and nor consider it necessary to abide by the terms of treaty; which they made with you. They try their best to molest you without leaving any stone unturned.

Their hearty enmity blooms and they grip up their loins for causing trouble by all means. That enmity, malice and hatred has been filled in their hearts against you which they had from the first day, and cause of which is not any other than it that they wish to drive you only according to their way. And they cannot bear it that you choose any new Way of life, whether that is the best in accordance with the human sense.

Stubbornness has taken place in their hearts, so they cannot agree to live together with you mutually. In addition, maximum of them are those people for whom there is no resistance to prevent them from the evil deeds. Their nature is bad. Ethical standards do not exist into them. They are unable to distinguish among the good and the bad. They have ruined their conscience and promoted immorality fearless.

They have sacrificed those Revelations on their temporary worldly benefits, which have come from God Almighty for the guidance of human being, and their main object is no other save it that they should prevent the people from God’s prescribed Way. They have been persisted in their own words. But the fact is that they have been committing bad whatever they are doing; and their retribution (punishment) will be according to their wicked deeds.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/VWpPHRkVaEo

There is no form of any treaty - Quran Chapter 9 – 7 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1145) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 9 – 7 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1145) - درس قرآن

There is no form of any treaty

Chapter Tawbah (Repentance) – Surah – 9)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

كَيْفَ يَكُونُ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَعَهْدٌ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَعِندَ رَسُولِهِۦٓ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ عَٰهَدتُّمْ عِندَ ٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ فَمَا ٱسْتَقَٰمُوا۟ لَكُمْفَٱسْتَقِيمُوا۟ لَهُمْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ 7

7.  How can there be a treaty with Allah and with His Messenger for the idolaters save those with whom ye made a treaty at the Inviolable Place of Worship? So long as they are true to you, be true to them. Lo! Allah loveth those who keep their duty.

7.  Kayfa  yakuunu  lil-mush-rikiina  ‘ahdun  ‘indAllaahi  wa  ‘inda  RasuuliHiii  ‘illal-laziina  ‘aa-hattum  ‘indal-Masjidil-Haraam.  Fa-mas-taqaamuu  lakum  fastaqiimuu  lahum.  ‘InnAllaaha  yuhibbul-Muttaqiin.

Commentary

Mas-taqaamuu – (So long as they are true), ‘is-taqaamuu is past tense, origin of which is ‘istaqaamatun. From it, many words have come out; like – qawm, maqaam, qiaam, aqaamat, mustaqiim, qiaamat etc. ‘Istaqaamat means “straight”. The word Mustaqiim has been derived from it, as it has come in Holy Qur’an Siraatal Mustaqiim (the Straight Path). Next to it; the word fastaqiimuu has been used; which is a word of command, and which means “Be true or straight”.

In the beginning of first Section, which was beginning of this Surah (Chapter) too, a word “Baraaa-‘ah” was used, aim from which was that God Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) are neither responsible to abide by any treaty with the idolaters of Arab in future and nor will they make any new treaty with them. The second Section of this Surah begins from this verse, in which; the reason about the matter has been described that “why can any treaty not be made with them?”

It is commanded that there is no form of “treaty of alliance” by Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) with the idolaters. However, those people, with whom you have made a treaty during “Peace Treaty of Hudaybiah” near “the Inviolable Place of Worship” (Masjidil-Haraam) (not to fight) for ten years, that Treaty will be fulfilled till the completion of the term, on the condition that they do not disobey the treaty which they have made with you and abide by the terms of the treaty. So long as they care for the terms of the peace treaty and remain true to you, you should abide by the terms also, be true to them and treat them straight forward as they treat you.

It was explained previously that Qureish (the idolaters) of Makkah broke the treaty and supported the tribe of Banu Bakr, who attacked over the tribe of Banu Khuza-‘ah, which was ally of Muslims, against the treaty. Therefore, resultant, the Muslims attacked over Makkah and conquered it.

In 9^th AH during the occasion of Hajj-il-Akbar (The Greater Pilgrimage), it was proclaimed that in future, the Muslims will not be bound of any treaty. Postponement is only for four months. After that, the idolaters cannot dwell in the Peninsula of Arab. There were some such tribes at the time of announcement, which were included in the Treaty of Hudaybiah. Nine months had remained in completion of the Term of the Treaty. They abode by the terms, so they were not troubled till completion of the terms of treaty.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/a0a_KKZ_6H4

More favors - Quran Chapter 9 – 6 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1144) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 9 – 6 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1144) - درس قرآن

More favors

Chapter Tawbah (Repentance) – Surah – 9)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَإِنْ أَحَدٌ مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ ٱسْتَجَارَكَ فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّىٰيَسْمَعَ كَلَٰمَ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ أَبْلِغْهُ مَأْمَنَهُۥ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا يَعْلَمُونَ 6 

6.  And if anyone of the idolaters seeketh thy protection (O Muhammad), then protect him so that he may hear the Word of Allah, and afterward convey him to his place of safety. That is because they are a folk who know not.

6.  Wa  ‘in  ‘ahadum-minal-mush-rikiinas-tajaaraka  fa-‘ajirhu  hattaa  yasma-‘a  Kalaa-mAllaahi  summa  ‘ablig-hu  ma’-manah.  Zaalika  bi-‘annahum  qawmul-laa  ya’-lamuun.

Commentary

‘As-tajaara – {(whoso) sought protection}, the origin of this word is ‘is-tijaaratun, which has been derived from jaar. Jaar is used for “neighborhood, refuge and shelter”. ‘As-tajaarah means “to ask for refuge, asking safety and peace from someone”.

‘Ajir – {protect (him)}, it is a tense of command, has been derived from ‘ijaaratun, and like the word mentioned above, it has come out from the word jawaar, which means “to give shelter”.

It was commanded in the previous verse: Slay the idolaters wherever you find them, but you should leave those people who get ready to pass their life according to your way of life and enter in Islam. But there would be some such people who may not be aware of Islam. From them, if any person wishes to come unto Muslims for understanding the teachings of Islam and seeks protection from them, then Muslims should take him under their protection. The same has been described in this verse.

Almighty God commands that; which idolater says: Kill me not. I want to live among you for the purpose that I may know about Islam, because I don’t know that “what is it and what does it desire? Then you should give him permission for living between you and protect him, and cause to hear him those Revelations of Holy Qur’an; which are foundation of Islam, and point out before him the proper course of Islam.

If, after listening to everything and understanding, he decided that he would not embrace Islam, then you should not slay him. Moreover, wherever he wants to go and considers that he can live at that place in safety and peace, then you should convey him there. This command is for the purpose that, because the idolaters are accustomed of dwelling in accordance with their own way of life, and they do not know that “a better way of living exists also than theirs, which is called Islam”.          

Therefore, if they wish, provide them opportunity to live with you for understanding and deliver the Message of Holy Qur’an unto them. If they decide to go, even after understanding, then you should let them go. Embracing not Islam only; is not too much big fault that slaying them becomes lawful. That is to say, it is not lawful to kill any such individual who is not Muslim.

It can be understood easily and clearly from this verse that the command of slaying the idolaters was not due to the reason that they did not use to accept Islam, but that was; because they had gripped up their loins to finish Islam in all conditions, and they wished to remove the Muslims from the world only due to enmity and obstinacy.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/18Wgkykq79k

Behavior with remaining people - Quran Chapter 9 – 5 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1143) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 9 – 5 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1143) - درس قرآن

Behavior with remaining people

Chapter Tawbah (Repentance) – Surah – 9)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

فَإِذَا ٱنسَلَخَ ٱلْأَشْهُرُ ٱلْحُرُمُ فَٱقْتُلُوا۟ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ حَيْثُوَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ وَخُذُوهُمْ وَٱحْصُرُوهُمْ وَٱقْعُدُوا۟ لَهُمْ كُلَّ مَرْصَدٍ فَإِن تَابُوا۟ وَأَقَامُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَوُا۟ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ فَخَلُّوا۟ سَبِيلَهُمْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ 5

5.  Then, when  the sacred months have passed, slay the idolaters wherever ye find them, and take them (captive), and besiege them, and prepare for them each ambush. But if they repent and establish worship and pay the poor-due, then leave their way free. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

5.  Fa-‘izan-salakhal- ‘Ash-hurul-Hurumu  faq-tulul-mushrikiina  haysu  wajattu-muuhum  wa  khuzuuhum  wah-suruuhum  waq-‘uduu  lahum  kulla  marsad.  Fa-‘in-  taabuu  wa  ‘aqaamus-Salaata  wa  ‘aata-wuz-Zakaata  fa-khalluu  sabiilahum.  ‘InnAllaaha  Gafuurur-Rahiim.

Commentary

‘In-salakha – (passed), it is past tense from the word ‘in-salaakh. One meaning of salakha is “to end, to pass, to elapse”. ‘In-salaakh means “to go out of the inside of any object, which can be said as – to pass by”.

‘Al- ‘Ash-hurul-Hurumu – (the Months; in which fighting is forbidden), ‘ash-hur is plural of shah-run. According to Arabic language, Shahr means “a month”. Hurumu is plural of haraam. The word haraam is from hurmat, which means “such place or time, which is respected and in which, fighting and quarreling is kept stopped.

The Arabians were quarrelsome people, but they all had introduced a Rule mutually that no individual will quarrel with any other during four months of a year. Islam kept their custom persevered, because it keeps itself persevered every such thing which has any relation with peace. The mention of ‘Ash-shahrul-Haraam has passed in Chapter two (Surah ‘Al-Baqarah), and it will also be discussed with detail next in this Surah.  

It is commanded that those people who have been excluded, leaving them; the treaty of Muslims with all idolaters has been broken and it has been proclaimed. But so concession is given that the sacred month “Muharram” should be let passed, because it is useless to remove a fixed useful custom at its own. But at the end of this sacred month, when these three continuous sacred months (Thul-Qa’dah, Thul-Hijjah and Muharram) are over, then you should begin to get vacated the Peninsula of Arab from the rebellious people. Neither these people will live with peace and nor will let you live with peace. In future, they will not be given any chance to interrupt in peace and safety.

Next to this time, only those people will live in the Peninsula of Arab, who will choose Islamic way of life. Islamic life is entirely safety and peace. Those people from them, who give up previous wicked deeds wholeheartedly, establish the Prayer and pay the Poor-due; there is no restriction on their living here. They will enjoy freedom of every kind. And God Almighty will not punish them due to their previous evil deeds, because He forgives errors of those who repent, and He blesses them.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/bW_pQNZtxKY