God is desirous to turn you - Quran Chptr 4-26 to 28 (Pt-5,Stg-1)(L-533)- درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 26 to 28 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-533) - درس قرآن

God is desirous to turn you

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ لِيُبَيِّنَ لَكُمْ وَيَهْدِيَكُمْ سُنَنَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ وَيَتُوبَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ 26

 وَٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ أَن يَتُوبَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَيُرِيدُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ ٱلشَّهَوَٰتِ أَن تَمِيلُوا۟ مَيْلًاعَظِيمًا 27

 يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُخَفِّفَ عَنكُمْ وَخُلِقَ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ ضَعِيفًا 28

26.  Allah would explain to you and guide you by the examples of those who were before you, and would turn to you in mercy. And Allah is ever Knower, Wise. 27.  And Allah would turn to you in mercy. And those who follow vain desires would have you go tremendously astray.  28.  Allah Desires that He should make the burden light for you, and man is created weak.

26.  Yuriidullaahu  liyubayyina  lakum  wa  yahdiyakum  sunanal-laziina  min- qablikum  wa  yatuu-ba  ‘alaykum.  Wallaahu  ‘Alii-mun  Hakiim. 27.  Wallaahu  yuriidu  ‘any-yatuuba  ‘alaykum;  wa  yuriidul-laziina  yattabi-‘uunash-shaha-waati  ‘an-  tamiiluu  maylan  ‘aziimaa. 28.  YuriidUllaahu  ‘any-yukhaf-fifa  ‘ankum.  Wa  khuliqal-‘in-saanu  za-‘iifaa.

Commentary

Here it has been described that aim of the orders, which Allah Almighty reveals for humanity, is that the human beings would know the difference between lawful and unlawful. They may get the chance to follow the Path of last Messengers (peace be upon them). Moreover, He desires to forgive their sins and to have mercy on them. He knows very well our opportunities and circumstances, and the wisdom is hidden in His each revelation, plan and order. The result of it will be distance from the guidance and opposition of the last Chosen Entities {Prophets and Messengers of Allah Almighty (peace be upon them)}, if His each order is not carried out properly. In this case, the mankind will remain debarred from His Mercy and Forgiveness.

Allah Almighty revealed different orders regarding most important matters of human life, that is to say, in connection with the matrimonial relationship, for instance, censure of fornication, repentance from it, decrees about the women, mention of the free, believing women, mahr after nuptial and other conditions and restrictions, prohibition of sinfulness. Human being becomes unpleasant in obeying these orders due to his/her some personal weaknesses. Therefore, Allah Almighty has checked very strictly to carry out these entire instructions and commanded that aim of these all conditions and restrictions is that Mercy of Allah Almighty would be revealed on the mankind. The persons, who are lewd, they want to bring you away from the straight path, so that you do also the lewdness and go astray like them.

Allah Almighty knows the weaknesses of the humanity and recognizes that how much human beings can have patience from the lust and desirables. Therefore, He has regarded mitigation in His each order. Allah Almighty has not practiced parsimony mercifully in His Religious Law.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif).

https://youtu.be/pAho5QG2JR4

Condition for marrying the maids - Quran Chptr 4-25b(Pt-5,Stg-1)(L-532- درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 25b (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-532) - درس قرآن

Condition for marrying the maids

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَمَن لَّمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنكُمْ طَوْلًا أَنيَنكِحَ ٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ فَمِن مَّا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَٰنُكُم مِّن فَتَيَٰتِكُمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ وَٱللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَٰنِكُم بَعْضُكُم مِّنۢ بَعْضٍ فَٱنكِحُوهُنَّ بِإِذْنِأَهْلِهِنَّ وَءَاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ مُحْصَنَٰتٍ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحَٰتٍ وَلَا مُتَّخِذَٰتِ أَخْدَانٍ فَإِذَآ أُحْصِنَّ فَإِنْ أَتَيْنَ بِفَٰحِشَةٍ فَعَلَيْهِنَّ نِصْفُ مَا عَلَىٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتِ مِنَ ٱلْعَذَابِ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَنْ خَشِىَ ٱلْعَنَتَ مِنكُمْ وَأَن تَصْبِرُوا۟ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ 25

25b.  so wed them by permission of their folk, and give unto them their dowries in kindness, they being honest, not debauched nor of loose conduct. Then if when they are honourably married they commit lewdness they shall incur the half of the punishment (prescribed) for free women (in that case). This is for him among you who feareth to commit sin. And to have patience would be better for you. And Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.

25b.  Fankihuu-hunna  bi-‘izni  ‘ahli-hinna  wa  ‘aatuu-hunna  ‘ujuura-hunna  bil-ma’-ruufi  muhsanaatin  gayra  musaafi-haatinw-wa  laa  muttakhi-zaati  ‘akh-daan.  Fa-‘izaaa  ‘uhsinna  fa-‘in  ‘atayna  bi-faahi-shatin-  fa-‘alay-hinna  nisfu  maa  ‘alal-muhsanaati  minal-‘azaab.  Zaalika  liman  khashiyal-‘anata  minkum.  Wa   ‘an  tasbiruu  khay-rul-lakum.  Wallaahu  Gafuurur-Rahiim.

Commentary

By permitting marriage with maids and slave-girls, Islam impeded the sinfulness on one side, while at the other hand It determined their grade equal to the free, believing women in the society. Moreover, It put in the rights of their children equal to the rights of the children of free, believing women on the condition that those children are from the maid’s master. In addition, following conditions have been prescribed for marrying the maids:

1. Permission of wedding is taken from their masters.

2. Give unto them their dowries as a duty.

3. The maids should be liker of goodness and chastity (Muh-sanaatun).

4. They should not be fallen into lewdness and debauchery (musaafi-haatun).

5. They should also be not of loose conduct “muttakhi-zaati  ‘akh-daan”  (secretly loving and beloved).

Allah Almighty says, “This is for him among you who fears to commit sin. And having patience would be better for you”. He also commands, “Then if when they are honorably married, they commit lewdness, they shall become liable to half of the punishment (prescribed) for free women (in that case)”.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/NR-ZHD9Kv5A

Marrying the believing maids - Quran Chptr 4-25a (Pt-5,Stg-1)(L-531)- درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 25a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-531) - درس قرآن

Marrying the believing maids

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَمَن لَّمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنكُمْ طَوْلًا أَنيَنكِحَ ٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ فَمِن مَّا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَٰنُكُم مِّن فَتَيَٰتِكُمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِ وَٱللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَٰنِكُم بَعْضُكُم مِّنۢ بَعْضٍ فَٱنكِحُوهُنَّ بِإِذْنِأَهْلِهِنَّ وَءَاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ مُحْصَنَٰتٍ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحَٰتٍ وَلَا مُتَّخِذَٰتِ أَخْدَانٍ فَإِذَآ أُحْصِنَّ فَإِنْ أَتَيْنَ بِفَٰحِشَةٍ فَعَلَيْهِنَّ نِصْفُ مَا عَلَىٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتِ مِنَ ٱلْعَذَابِ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَنْ خَشِىَ ٱلْعَنَتَ مِنكُمْ وَأَن تَصْبِرُوا۟ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ 25

25a.  And whoso is not able to afford to marry free, believing women, let them marry from the believing maids whom your right hands possess. And Allah knoweth best (concerning) your faith. Ye (proceed) one from another,

25a.  Wa  mal-lam  yastati’  min-kum  taw-lan  ‘any-yankihal-Muhsanaatil-Mu’-minaati  fa-mimmaa  malakat  ‘ay-maanu-kum-min-fatayaa-  tikumul- Mu’-minaat.  Wallaahu  ‘a’-lamu  bi-‘iimaanikum.  Ba’-zukum-mim-ba’z.

Commentary

Muhsanaatun – (free, believing women), its singular is Muhsanah, which has been derived from hasan. Hasan means the fort, as though, Muhsanah is that free, believing and good disposition woman, who kept safe her chastity and honor like a fort.

Powerful and bad people used to make the weak and helpless men, women and children their slaves and bond-maids in many countries of the world before Islam and they used to buy and sell them in the markets like goats and sheep. When Islam came, it brought with itself the message of equality. Nevertheless, it was not too much easy to remove the so much old rules and to change this method of dwelling, of which system the people had been habituated. As far as it is possible, Islam cares for the facilities of the people. The slaves and the bond-maids were already present in the Arab and they were in the worse condition. Particularly the bond-maids were never in any counting. They were badly used to beat black and blue. Allah Almighty provided such rules with which the condition of slaves and bond-maids might be arranged better, and in the process of time, the system of slavery might be finished.     

No bond-maid or slave exists today in the world and certainly, the wreath of finishing this slavery system is on the head of Islam. It is the custom of Holy Qur’an in removing the unlawful rules that easy commands are delivered in the beginning, as it seems that Islam desires to keep up this rule. But usually and gradually; due to obeying these easy orders, the worse customs go to an end.

Holy Qur’an promoted the dignity of bond-maids in this verse so much that It ordered, “Do not put them making prey only of your evil wishes and intemperance. But wed them and make them your wives. In this order, the seed of removing the custom of bond-maids was sown. It has been commanded, “The person, who is not able to afford to marry any free, believing women, but he feels necessity of any woman then let him marry from the believing maids whom your right hands possess. And they should escape from the unlawful deeds, because safety of Belief is very important and the faith of bond-maids is as much credible as your own.”

It is the result of accepting these orders that today slavery has been finished from the world. The respect of the woman has been established in the society. However, one thing is pending till now that none should keep any one under own influence. If it would have been done also as per the orders of Islam, then the matter would have been finalized very earlier.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/9v4kTqAJ4ig

Dowries and mutual agreement - Quran Chapter 4- 24b (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-530) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 24b (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-530) - درس قرآن

Dowries and mutual agreement

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْأَيْمَٰنُكُمْ كِتَٰبَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَأُحِلَّ لَكُم مَّا وَرَآءَ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَن تَبْتَغُوا۟ بِأَمْوَٰلِكُم مُّحْصِنِينَ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحِينَ فَمَا ٱسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهِۦ مِنْهُنَّ فَـَٔاتُوهُنَّأُجُورَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا تَرَٰضَيْتُم بِهِۦ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ٱلْفَرِيضَةِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا 24

24b.  And those of whom ye seek content (by marrying them), give unto them their dowries as a duty. And there is no sin for you in what ye do by mutual agreement after the duty (hath been done). Lo! Allah is ever Knower, Wise.

24b.  Famas-tamta’-tum-bihii  min-hunna  fa-‘aatuuhunna  ‘ujuura  hunna  fariizah.  Wa  laa  junaaha  ‘alay-kum  fiimaa  taraa-zaytum-  bihii  mim-  ba’-dil-  fariizah.  ‘Innallaaha  kaana  ‘Aliiman  Hakiimaa.

Commentary

‘As-tamta’-tum – ‘is-tamtaa’-‘un has been used as infinitive mood, which means ‘to reap advantage, to enjoy’. Here it aims living of husband and wife together in solitude for a long time.  

‘Ujuura  hunna – (their rights), ‘ujuur is plural of ‘ajr, which means wages, retaliation. Here it points towards the Mahr of the women (the dowry to be paid by the husband).

The orders regarding the dower (the money or its value resting upon the husband after marriage) have been ordained in this part of the verse. That is to say; any man married a woman and took benefit from her for a fixed duration, then it is necessary to give that woman completely amount of the dower Moreover, until the woman does not forgive it herself, the payment of the dower is essential. It has been noticed from the hindrance of the word ‘is-tamtaa’-‘un that if one has not reaped any advantage from the woman and her husband has divorced her, then the husband is not bound to pay the entire amount of dowry. Its complete detail was discussed in Surah ‘Al-Baqrah (The Cow). After that, it has been described that in determination of the dowry and its payment, increasing and decreasing the dowry is lawful with mutual agreement between husband and wife. That is to say; after fixing the amount of dower, if either the wife decreases the amount of dowry happily or the husband gives more than the specified amount of dower willingly to her wife then it is no sin. However, only the condition is that they both ‘husband and wife’ should be willing to do so mutually.

At the end, Allah Almighty directed that He knows the philosophy, all kinds of advantages and disadvantages of the human beings and His orders are full of wisdom. Betterment and prosperity for the people is hidden in obedience of His commands in the world and the Hereafter, and if they disobey His orders then there will be failure in the world and disgrace in the Hereafter.

Relationship of husband and wife is a very important matter. Dependence of the continuance of human generation (and perfect growth and education of the children) is connected with the mutual pleasant relationship and assistance between both of them. Only their strong relationship is the origin of prosperity and well-being of the children. Therefore, it is essential to understand and act upon the laws, which Allah Almighty has described in Holy Qur’an.

It has come to know from this verse that the determination of dowry is a necessary thing for the nuptial and its payment is incumbent on the man.

  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/oEp_eYerhyM

Condition for a marriage - Quran Chapter 4- 24a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-529) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 24a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-529) - درس قرآن

Condition for a marriage

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَٱلْمُحْصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْأَيْمَٰنُكُمْ كِتَٰبَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَأُحِلَّ لَكُم مَّا وَرَآءَ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَن تَبْتَغُوا۟ بِأَمْوَٰلِكُم مُّحْصِنِينَ غَيْرَ مُسَٰفِحِينَ فَمَا ٱسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهِۦ مِنْهُنَّ فَـَٔاتُوهُنَّأُجُورَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا تَرَٰضَيْتُم بِهِۦ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ٱلْفَرِيضَةِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا 24

24a.  And all married women (are forbidden unto you) save those (captives) whom your right hands possess. It is a Decree of Allah for you. And lawful unto you are all beyond those mentioned, so that ye seek them with your wealth in honest wedlock, not debauchery.

24a.  WAL-MUHSANAATU  minan-nisaaa-‘i  ‘illaa  maa  malakat ‘ay-maanukum   Kitaaballaahi  ‘alay-kum.  Wa  ‘uhilla  lakum-maa  waraaa-‘a  zaalikum  ‘an-tab-taguu  bi-‘amwaali-kum-muhsi-niina  gayra  musaa-fihiin.

Commentary

MUHSANAATUN  - It is plural of Muhsanatun. It aims the woman who is proper wife of any man and her husband is present (the married women).

muhsi-niina  – It is plural of muhsinun. That is to say; the man, who makes a woman properly his wife through nuptial knot.

maa  malakat ‘ay-maanukum  – (whom your right hands possess) maa (whom), malakat (came in possession) ‘ay-maanukum (your right hands), possession of right hands means those bondwomen and slaves, who come under control of Muslims as a result of any war etc. Technically the word Milkun yamiin is also used for them. 

Now unlawfulness of those women is being described who have already been married with any man. In this situation, they cannot be married someone else until either their husbands would not divorce them or they would not be separated from the nuptial due to the death of their husbands. However, if any woman is already in nuptial with any man and she has come in your possession, then it is lawful to marry her. This situation happens in that manner when any infidel woman has been tied in nuptial knot and the Muslims bring her towards any darus-Salam (a Muslim country) after attacking the dar-ul-harb (a country where God-worshipping is not permissible) and arresting her.

Remember it that the woman who comes in possession of Muslims, caught from dar-ul-harb, it is necessary for her to be lawful after passing at least one period of menstruation. In addition, that woman should not be infidel or idolater, but from the People of the Scripture. Then it has been described that the women, whose unlawfulness has been mentioned above, besides them all remaining women are lawful for you but with following four conditions, which have been prescribed with it:

1. Ask for the women, that is to say; get willingness properly for nuptial knot from the potential wife.

2. Accept paying her the amount of Mahr (the money or its value incumbent on the husband).

3. The purpose should be to make the woman proper your wife, not only for the desire of sensuality.

4. The marriage should not be hidden but it should be in the gathering of the people and in the presence of the witnesses.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/pnPcHN8C-1M

Other women who are forbidden - Quran Chapter 4- 23b (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-528) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 23b (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-528) - درس قرآن

Other women who are forbidden

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

حُرِّمَتْعَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهَٰتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُكُمْ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُمْ وَعَمَّٰتُكُمْ وَخَٰلَٰتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلْأَخِ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلْأُخْتِ وَأُمَّهَٰتُكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِىٓ أَرْضَعْنَكُمْ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُم مِّنَ ٱلرَّضَٰعَةِوَأُمَّهَٰتُ نِسَآئِكُمْ وَرَبَٰٓئِبُكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِى فِى حُجُورِكُم مِّن نِّسَآئِكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِى دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَإِن لَّمْ تَكُونُوا۟ دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَحَلَٰٓئِلُ أَبْنَآئِكُمُٱلَّذِينَ مِنْ أَصْلَٰبِكُمْ وَأَن تَجْمَعُوا۟ بَيْنَ ٱلْأُخْتَيْنِ إِلَّا مَا قَدْ سَلَفَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا 23

23b.  And your mothers-in-law, and your step-daughters, who are under your protection (born) of your women unto whom ye have gone in – but if ye have not gone in unto them, then it is no sin for you (to marry their daughters) – and the wives of your sons who (spring) from your own loins. And (it is forbidden unto you) that ye should have two sisters together, except what hath already happened (of that nature) in the past. Lo! Allah is Ever – Forgiving, Merciful.

23b.  wa  ‘umma-haatu  nisaaa- ‘ikum  wa  rabaaa- ‘ibukumul-laatii  fii  hu-juurikum-min-nisaaa- ‘ikumul-laatii  dakhaltum-  bihinn.  Fa- ‘illam  takuunuu  dakhaltum-  bi-hinna  falaa  hunaaha  ‘alay-kum;   wa  halaaa-‘ilu  ‘abnaaa- ‘ikumul-laziina  min  ‘aslaa-bi-kum,  wa  ‘an- tajma- ‘uu  baynal- ‘ukhtayni  ‘illaa  maa  qad  salaf. ‘InnAllaaha  kaana Gafuurar-Rahiimaa.

Commentary

Those forbidden women have been described in this verse, who are unlawful due to the relationship of marriage. These are of two types:

• Those women, with whom marriage is unlawful forever, like mother of wife and daughter of that wife, with whom you have copulated. However, if any woman has been divorced before copulation then you can marry her daughter. The wives of the sons and downwards like grandsons (whether they are paternal or maternal) are also forbidden for you to be married with them. 

• The women, who are not forbidden for marriage by you forever, but they are forbidden until any woman remains in the nuptial knot. Only until that time the marriage is forbidden with the wife’s close relative women. But if either you have divorced your wife or she has died then marriage with her close relative women will become lawful. Those women are – sister of the wife, who cannot be married in the life and presence of the wife, but she can be married afterwards. The same order applies also upon aunt and niece (paternal and maternal). 

Here it has been ordered that the wives of your sons are unlawful to be married with them, who (the sons) are from your generation. It aims your genealogical sons and grandsons. Adopted sons do not include in it.

At the end, Allah Almighty commanded that the mistakes, which were committed before Islam, would not be repeated inquiry. However, after the revelation of the order of Allah Almighty none should do against it. 

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/ptRX5BAJ5kA

Such women who are forbidden - Quran Chapter 4- 23a (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-527) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 23a (Pt-4, Stg-1) (L-527) - درس قرآن

Such women who are forbidden

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

حُرِّمَتْعَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهَٰتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُكُمْ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُمْ وَعَمَّٰتُكُمْ وَخَٰلَٰتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلْأَخِ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلْأُخْتِ وَأُمَّهَٰتُكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِىٓ أَرْضَعْنَكُمْ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُم مِّنَ ٱلرَّضَٰعَةِوَأُمَّهَٰتُ نِسَآئِكُمْ وَرَبَٰٓئِبُكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِى فِى حُجُورِكُم مِّن نِّسَآئِكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِى دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَإِن لَّمْ تَكُونُوا۟ دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَحَلَٰٓئِلُ أَبْنَآئِكُمُٱلَّذِينَ مِنْ أَصْلَٰبِكُمْ وَأَن تَجْمَعُوا۟ بَيْنَ ٱلْأُخْتَيْنِ إِلَّا مَا قَدْ سَلَفَ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا 23

23a.  Forbidden unto you are your mothers, and your daughters, and your sisters, and your father’s sisters, and your mother’s sisters, and your brother’s daughters, and your sister’s daughters, and your foster-mothers, and your foster-sisters,

23a.  Hurrimat  ‘alaykum  ‘um-mahaa-tukum  wa  banaa-tukum  wa  ‘akhawaa-tukum  wa  ‘am-maa-tukum  wa  khaalaa-tukum  wa  banaatul-‘akhi  wa  banaatul-‘ukhti  wa  ‘umma-haatukumul-laatii  ‘arza’-nakum  wa  ‘akha-waa-tukum-minar-razaa-‘ati

Commentary

‘Ar-razaa-‘ati – (foster relatives), it aims the woman, who is not real mother, but who suckles any other child. Real children of that woman are called foster-brothers and foster-sisters of that child, and such woman is called his/her foster-mother. 

Allah Almighty had described unlawfulness of marriage with the step-mother in the previous verses. Now those other women are being mentioned here, with whom the marriage is forbidden. This detail is very clear, so there is no form of dissension or misunderstanding now. 

These women belong to some different kinds. At first those, who are unlawful due to genealogical relationship and they are seven – 1.  Mother, 2.  Daughter, 3.  Sister, 4.  Paternal Aunt,  5.  Maternal Aunt, 6.  Brother’s Daughter (Niece), 7.  Sister’s Daughter (Niece). None is permitted to marry any one out of these seven close relatives.

As paternal and maternal grandmothers (and upwards) are included in the prohibition order of marriage with the mother, likewise, grand-daughters (daughter of the son and daughter of the daughter and downwards) are also included in the prohibition order of marriage with the daughter. Marriage with the sisters, ‘ainii (sisters, who have same father and mother), ‘alaatii (sisters due to father only) and ‘akhyaafii (sisters by the same mother but by a different father) is also prohibited including father’s and mother’s sisters, grandfather’s and grandmother’s (and their upwards) sisters. Real and step-sisters of above all are included. In addition, the nieces, (daughters of all above kinds of brothers and sisters, and their downwards) come also in this category.

Besides genealogical forbidden relatives, there are some foster relatives too, prohibited to be married. These are two – mother and sister, and seven others, which have been described above in the genealogical relationship {Mother, Daughter, Sister, Paternal Aunt, Maternal Aunt, Brother’s Daughter (Niece), Sister’s Daughter (Niece)}. These are also unlawful to be married in the fostering relationship. That is to say; foster-daughter, foster-aunt (either paternal or maternal), foster-niece (either paternal or maternal), all are unlawful to be married. These details and likewise other orders in this connection exist in the ‘Ahaadith (Sayings of Messenger, Muhammad (grace, glory, blessings and peace of Allah Almighty be upon him) with explanation. 

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/j87ugf5vNsE