Quran Chaptr
2-Intro (Pt-1 Stg-1)(L–13)-درس قرآن
Introduction
– Surah ‘Al-Baqarah (the
Cow)
BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
Suratul-Baqarah is
the second Chapter of Holy Qur-‘aan. It was revealed
in Madinah.
This Surah is
the longest Chapter of Holy Qur-’aan. It contains 286 verses
and 40 sections. Baqarah means “the Cow”. It has been named, ‘Al-Baqarah because
an event in respect of ‘A Cow’ has been described in it.
The most important teachings regarding beliefs and deeds
have been included in it. It is stated that Umar (Radi Allaahu ‘Anhu),
Companion of Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), took
many years to understand this Surah. It does not mean
“learning by heart”, but “learning and understanding the Commandments and Instructions
mentioned in it”. An abstract of its subjects has been explained as under:
1. At
first, it has been described in this Chapter that Holy Qur-’aan is
Guidance for those people who fear Allah Almighty and there is a foundation of
abstinence in their hearts.
2. After hearing the Commandments
mentioned in Holy Qur’aan,
three kinds of people will grow as it happens in the world in relation to every
new movement. First, the Believers, who will have full faith in it. Second, the
Infidels, who will oppose it and the third, such Hypocrites, who will show
themselves as believers but actually their hearts will deny it.
3. After that, the first commandment
for the entire people is that they should worship Allah only, and the Truth of
Holy Qur-’aan has
been proved.
4. In the fourth section, Birth of Adam
(peace be upon Him) his entitlement as a vicegerent on the earth has been
mentioned. Then, from fifth section to onward, recitation in respect of a big
dynasty’s life “The Children of Israel” begins. Hundreds of Prophets and
Messengers (peace be upon Them) were born in this dynasty. Allah Almighty
narrated the circumstances of this dynasty “as a lesson to be taken” and it was
also described that this nation did not remain capable of God’s viceroy due to
its evil deeds and wickedness.
5. From section 5 to 15, many incidents
of the history of the Children of Israel have been stated; for example, their
covenants and agreements, splendor of God on the Mount Sinai, the incident of
the Day of Saturday (Sabbath), the event of The Cow, circumstances of slaying
the Prophets (peace be upon Them), impure efforts of enchantment, charm and
magic, unfair conduct of disgracing the Prophets (peace be upon Them), false
faiths about forgiveness and deliverance on the Day of Judgment etc.
6. With effect from the section-16
onward, more events and incidents in respect of the Children of Israel, birth
of The Last Prophet and Messenger Muhammad (grace, glory, blessings and peace
be upon Him) in Arab from the generation of Adam (peace be upon Him) have been
explained. Moreover, there is also recitation on The Square Building of Makkah (Masjid ul Haraam). And
the higher grades in respect of the Martyrs in the Way of Allah have been
explained here.
7. In section-20, the Signs of the
Power of God Almighty have been discussed along with the matters relating to
the Forbidden and Lawful things.
Quran Chaptr 2-Intro (Pt-1 Stg-1)(L–14)-درس قرآن
Summary
In the twentieth Section of Surah ‘Al-Baqarah, it
is commanded that what the actual Goodness is. After this section, up to the
section # 26, the matters relating to inheritance, revenge, supplication,
fasting, pilgrimage to Makkah, Jehad (to
try and strive), sacrifice of wealth in the Way of God have been described
including orders and instructions for them.
With effect from section 27, the matters of family and
social life have begun, i.e. marriage, divorce, menstruation, Iddat,
second marriage, bringing up and looking after the children and Haqq mahr (the
money or its value incumbent on the husband) etc.
In section 32, again the matter of Jehad has
been discussed. And in the example, war of Saul (peace be upon Him) against
Goliath has been described. God Almighty commanded: Victory or defeat does not
depend; either on war equipment or decrease and increase of the manpower.
Usually small Armies overcome large Armies.
In 34th Section, there is ‘Aayat ul Kursii, in
which many Attributes of Allah Almighty like; the Living, the Eternal etc. have
been mentioned. And that there is no compulsion for anyone to accept Islam
because its excellence, signs and proofs are obvious.
After that some instructive events in respect of Prophet
Abraham (peace be upon Him) have been discussed here. Up to the section-39,
commandments about Alms-giving and charity, abstinence, prohibition from usury
and interest, laws and instructions regarding evidence and some principles of
trade have been explained.
At the end of this Surah in section-40,
summary of Belief and Islam have been described including a perfect
supplication. Last words of this supplication are, “Fan-sur-naa-‘alal-Qawmil-kaafiriin” (So
give us victory over the disbelieving folk). It is the result of the invitation
by Holy Qur-’aan, as
though, which nation will grow with the teachings of Holy Qur’aan, by means of
such nation,the Law of God will overcome on the infidelity. Consequence of the
Believers of God Almighty and infidels has been narrated here that the
believers will succeed, whereas the infidels will fail and subdued, as the end
of the Surah is;
just like its beginning.
It should not be forgotten that this abstract is only to
show a concept of its subjects. Otherwise, it is impossible for anyone, to
summarize the facts and excellence of the Speech of God in a few words.
We should think and care for the Commandments and
Instructions of God Almighty, mentioned in this Surah. We
should understand its philosophy and grip up our loins to act upon its
instructions. Our Lord! Give us knowledge and power for it.
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