Curtailing prayer during journey - Quran Chapter 4-101 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-588) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 101 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-588) - درس قرآن

Curtailing prayer during journey

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَإِذَا ضَرَبْتُمْ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَن تَقْصُرُوا۟ مِنَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَن يَفْتِنَكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ إِنَّ ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ كَانُوا۟ لَكُمْ عَدُوًّا مُّبِينًا 101

101.  And when ye go forth in the land, it is no sin for you to curtail (your) worship if ye fear that those who disbelieve may attack you. In truth the disbelievers are an open enemy to you.

101.  Wa  ‘izaa  zarab-tum  fil- ‘arzi  falaysa  ‘alaykum  junaa-hun  ‘an-taq-suruu  minas-Salaa-ti  ‘in  khif-tum  ‘any-yaf-tina-kumul-laziina  kafaruu.  ‘Innal-kaafiriina  kaanuu  lakum  ‘aduw-wam-mubiinaa.

Commentary

Taq-suruu – {Curtail (your worship)}, this word is from qasar. Some other words have also come out from it like qusuur, qaasir, taq-siir. Qasar means ‘to curtail, to lessen, to reduce, to subtract and to diminish’. To curtail the worship means, “The prayer of four rak-‘aat, will become of two during journey”.

Yaf-tina-kum  - {(they) will trouble you)}. It has been derived from fitnah, which means ‘mischief, quarrel and disturbance. Here it aims that the disbelievers will attack you.

There was description about Jihad and immigration in the previous verses. It is clear that the journey is necessary during above both acts. Therefore, form of offering the prayer during journey has been illustrated in this section and permitted to curtail worship in the condition of journey. If there is a threat from the enemy, who has not embraced your religion and they remain ready every time to hurt you, they will attack in the journey, then you are allowed to curtail some prayer during journey, because the infidels are your mortal enemies.

Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) caused to understand this matter in the manner that this concession is for all kinds of journeys, whether there is a danger in it or otherwise. The mention of fear has been stated in the verse for the purpose that when this verse was revealed, in those days the Tribe Bani Najaar asked, “What is the order for us about the prayer while we people remain frequently on journey”. Then Holy Prophet (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) told them, “Allah Almighty has produced for you this facility with His Mercy and Kindness and permitted to curtail the Rak-‘aat of prayers in case of journey”. (Rak-’at means, “Bowing head and body in prayer, and standing for the recitation of a portion of Holy Qur’an”).

Confirmation of Hanafii sect regarding the journey is that the travel should not be less than three manzil (stages) (one manzil is equal to a day’s journey). There will be no relaxation in the complete prayer for the journey less than three stages. The definition of the stage is that in which either a man or a camel travels with normal speed in a day. After that, whenever Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) used to go on journey, then He used to offer two Rak-‘aat of the prayer instead of the prayer of four Rak-‘aat. But even then while the enemies intended to attack for getting benefit of the condition of worship by Muslims, then another method of worship was ordered, which will be discussed in the next lesson. Now it is known from these verses that the prayer is such incumbent work, which can never be left without offering besides entirely helplessness. However some relaxation and reductions have been permitted.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif).

https://youtu.be/KJdqn-gus9M

Refugees for the Cause of God - Quran Chapter 4-100 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-587) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 100 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-587) - درس قرآن

Refugees for the Cause of God

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَمَن يُهَاجِرْ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ يَجِدْ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ مُرَٰغَمًا كَثِيرًا وَسَعَةً وَمَن يَخْرُجْ مِنۢ بَيْتِهِۦ مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ ثُمَّ يُدْرِكْهُ ٱلْمَوْتُ فَقَدْ وَقَعَأَجْرُهُۥ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا 100

100.  Whoso migrateth for the Cause of Allah will find much refuge and abundance in the earth. And whoso forsaketh his home, a fugitive unto Allah and His Messenger, and death overtaketh him, his reward is then incumbent on Allah. And Allah is Ever-Forgiving, Merciful.

100.  Wa  many-yuhaajir  fii  Sabii-Lillaahi  yajid  fil-‘arzi-  mu-raagaman-  kasiiranw-wasa-‘ah.  Wa  many-yakhruj  mim-  baytihii  muhaa-jiran  ‘ilAllaahi  wa  Rasuulihii  summa  yudrik-hul-  mawtu  faqad  waqa-‘a  ‘ajruhuu  ‘alAllaah.  Wa  kaanAllaahu  Gafuurar-Rahiimaa.

Commentary

Wasa-‘a has been derived from sa-‘a-tan, which means wideness, capacity. It also aims ‘abundance, prosperity, opening and hilarity’. Here it signifies towards extent of livelihood and daily food, and freedom of acting upon the religion.

Yudrik – (overtake), this word is from ‘adraak, which means ‘to get, to understand, to hold’. Here it aims ‘to overtake’.

Waqa-‘a – (incumbent), here it aims “to become important, to approach”. It is from waquu’, which means ‘to occur’. In this verse a word ‘alaaa has come after waqa-‘a. Therefore, now its meaning will become ‘to be incumbent (on). As sometimes we say, “I have to do this work, that is to say; it is necessary and incumbent for me to do the particular work”. 

It was described in the earlier verses that the person, who has belief in his heart, it is compulsory for him that he should act like Muslims. This pretense “We in that case were under influence of other persons and those cruel people did not use to permit us to do good deeds” will not be heard from any healthy and able to work person. Therefore, it was commanded to them, “If you have been entangled in such a country, whose people prevent you from acting upon the religion, then you should migrate from that place and live in such an independent country, where you may be free to do independently.

This verse explains, “Nobody should be afraid that if he leaves present dwelling place, he doesn’t know, whether he will find any other place or otherwise, whether food will be attainable or not”. It has been comforted here, “If you will flee from such a place of suffocation, for acting upon the religion of Allah Almighty independently, then you will find much livelihood, refuge and abundance in the earth. The person, who will leave his family, household goods and native land in accordance with the Instructions of Allah Almighty and for His cause with true heart, Allah Almighty will not let him to be distressed. He will never feel any deficiency in eating and drinking. Observe after working purely for Allah Almighty. He will save you surely from the confusions. If you think, “What will happen, if I die in the way”, then you should believe in it that your reward and good retaliation is incumbent on Allah Almighty in such condition”, because you have migrated from your country for His Cause. He is Ever-Forgiving the sins of the believers; and Merciful.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif).

https://youtu.be/nDkqankPkRI

Migration for the oppressed people - Quran Chapter 4-97 to 99 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-586) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 97 to 99 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-586) - درس قرآن

Migration for the oppressed people

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ تَوَفَّىٰهُمُ ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ ظَالِمِىٓ أَنفُسِهِمْ قَالُوا۟ فِيمَ كُنتُمْ قَالُوا۟ كُنَّا مُسْتَضْعَفِينَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ قَالُوٓا۟ أَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَرْضُ ٱللَّهِ وَٰسِعَةً فَتُهَاجِرُوا۟ فِيهَافَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ مَأْوَىٰهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَسَآءَتْ مَصِيرًا 97  إِلَّا ٱلْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ ٱلرِّجَالِ وَٱلنِّسَآءِ وَٱلْوِلْدَٰنِ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ حِيلَةً وَلَا يَهْتَدُونَ سَبِيلًا 98 فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ عَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَعْفُوَ عَنْهُمْ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَفُوًّا غَفُورًا 99

97.  Lo! As for those whom the angels take (in death) while they wrong themselves, (the angels) will ask: In what were ye engaged? They will say: We were oppressed in the land. (The angels) will say: Was not Allah’s earth spacious that ye could have migrated therein? As for such, their habitation will be Hell. And what an evil journey’s end. 98.  Except the feeble among men, and the women, and the children, who are unable to devise a plan and are not shown a way- 99.  As for such, it may be that Allah will pardon them. And Allah is Ever-Clement, Forgiving.

97.  ‘Innal-laziina  ta-waffaa-hu-mul-malaaa-‘ikatu  zaalimiii  ‘anfu-sihim  qaaluu  fiimaa  kuntum.  Qaaluu  kunnaa  mustaz-‘afiina  fil-‘arz.  Qaaluu  ‘alam  takun  ‘arzUllaahi  waasi-‘atan  fatu-haajiruu  fiihaa.  Fa-‘ulaaa-‘ika  ma’-waahum  Jahannam.  Wa  saaa-‘at  masiiraa.  98.  ‘Illal-mustaz-‘afiina  mi-nar-rijaali  wan-nisaaa-‘i  wal-wildaani  laa  yastatii-‘uuna  hii-latanw-wa  laa  yahtaduuna  sabiilaa. 99.  Fa-‘ulaaa-‘ika  ‘asAllaahu    ‘any-ya’-fuwa  ‘anhum.  Wa  kaanAllaahu  ‘afuwwan-  Gafuuraa.

Commentary

It is the abstract of above mentioned verses that after embracing Islam and believing in Holy Qur’an as a Guide, dwelling calmly does not have any sense. Those persons have been related in these verses with evil-doers, that is to say; tyrants for themselves, who keep belief in their hearts, but do not act upon the orders of Holy Qur’an fairly. They are spoiling their own. The Angels (peace be upon them) will ask from such people at the time of their death, “While truth of Holy Qur’an was manifested upon you, then why are you dying empty-handed today”? Why do you not have good deeds with you? Then their eyes will be opened. They will not be able to compose any reply. Lastly they will say, “While we were suppressed from others, then what would we have to do? We did not have power to oppose those people. We were weak, old and helpless”. Then the Angels (peace be upon them) will say, “What a strange thing? The earth created by Allah Almighty was lying too much spacious. You would have left that land of tyrant people and immigrated to any place of peace. There, you could get opportunity to act upon the religious teachings without hindrance. At this stage, they would be unable to reply because it was their own fault. It has been commanded here that abode of such people is the Hell, which is the worst place for living. However, ill men, women and children, who neither can think about any plan, nor they know about any path and nor they are able to work, their excuse can be accepted and hopefully Allah Almighty will forgive them.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif).

https://youtu.be/cMufgoXsJeU

Grades of Fighters for the sake of God - Quran Chapter 4-95 & 96 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-585) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 95 & 96 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-585) - درس قرآن

Grades of Fighters for the sake of God

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

لا يَستَوِي القاعِدونَ مِنَ المُؤمِنينَ غَيرُ أُولِي الضَّرَرِ وَالمُجاهِدونَ في سَبيلِ اللَّهِ بِأَموالِهِم وَأَنفُسِهِم ۚ فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ المُجاهِدينَ بِأَموالِهِم وَأَنفُسِهِم عَلَى القاعِدينَ دَرَجَةً ۚ وَكُلًّا وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الحُسنىٰ ۚ وَفَضَّلَ اللَّهُ المُجاهِدينَ عَلَى القاعِدينَ أَجرًا عَظيمًا 95

دَرَجاتٍ مِنهُ وَمَغفِرَةً وَرَحمَةً ۚ وَكانَ اللَّهُ غَفورًا رَحيمًا96

95.  Those of the believers who sit still, other than those who have a disable (hurt), are not on an equality with those who strive in the Way of Allah with their wealth and lives. Allah hath conferred on those who strive with their wealth and lives a rank above the sedentary. And unto each Allah hath promised good. And He hath bestowed on those who strive a great reward above the sedentary- 96.  Degrees of rank from Him, and forgiveness and mercy. And Allah is Ever-Forgiving, Merciful.

95.  Laa  yastawil-qaa-‘iduuna  minal-Mu’-miniina  gayru  ‘uliz-zarari  wal-Mujaa-hiduuna  fii  SabiiLillaahi  bi-‘amwaa-lihim  wa  ‘anfu-sihim.  Fazza-lAllaahul-Mujaa-hidiina  bi-‘amwaa-lihim  wa  ‘anfu-sihim  ‘alal-qaa-‘idiina  darajah.  Wa  kullanw-wa-‘adAllaahul-husnaa.  Wa  fazza-lAllaahul-Mujaa-hidiina  ‘alal-qaa-‘idiina  ’ajran  ‘aziimaa.  96.  Darajaatim-minhu  wa  mag-firatanw-wa  rahmah.  Wa  kaa-nAllaahu  Gafuurar-Rahiimaa.

Commentary

Gayru  ‘uliz-zarari  - (who sit still, who have no excuse), gayru means ‘except, besides, ‘uliz-zarari – (those persons who are healthy and able to fight). Allah Almighty commands that how can those people, (who shirk from strive and they are sitting at their homes to save only their own lives), be equal to those who strive with their wealth and lives. No doubt that the weak, the ill, the old, the cripple and the poor people cannot fight, but which excuse is for them who are healthy and have potentiality to strive? Those persons are thousand degrees better than them in merit, who are ready to spend their wealth and sacrifice their lives in the Way of Allah Almighty. They have higher ranks upon them. They are entitled for special absolution and kindness.

It is known from this verse that some such persons should be ready from the Muslims, who may save them and support the religion of Allah Almighty. It is not obligation for all Muslims to go for fighting, if any group of such people exists. However, it is the duty of entire people to help such group in their preparation. And if such group does not exist, then entire Muslims will be sinners.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif).

https://youtu.be/kQmiVzzgkqY

Care during slaying in Jihad - Quran Chapter 4-94 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-584) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 94 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-584) - درس قرآن

Care during slaying in Jihad

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

يا أَيُّهَا الَّذينَ آمَنوا إِذا ضَرَبتُم في سَبيلِ اللَّهِ فَتَبَيَّنوا وَلا تَقولوا لِمَن أَلقىٰ إِلَيكُمُ السَّلامَ لَستَ مُؤمِنًا تَبتَغونَ عَرَضَ الحَياةِ الدُّنيا فَعِندَ اللَّهِ مَغانِمُ كَثيرَةٌ ۚ كَذٰلِكَ كُنتُم مِن قَبلُ فَمَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيكُم فَتَبَيَّنوا ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كانَ بِما تَعمَلونَ خَبيرًا94.

94.  O ye who believe! When ye go forth (to fight) in the Way of Allah, be careful to discriminate, and say not unto one who offereth you peace: “Thou art not a believer”, seeking the chance profits of this life (so that ye may despoil him). With Allah are plenteous spoils. Even thus (as he now is) were ye before; but Allah hath since then been gracious unto you; therefore take care to discriminate. Surely Allah is Aware of what ye do.

94.  Yaaa-‘ayyu-hallaziina  ‘aa-manuuu  ‘izaa  zarab-tum  fii  SabiiLillaahi  fata-bayyanuu  wa  laa  taquuluu  liman  ‘alqaaa  ‘ilay-kumus-salaama  lasta  Mu’-minaa.  Tab-taguuna  ‘arazal-hayaa-tiddunyaa  fa-‘indAllaahi  magaanimu  kasiirah.  Kazaalika  kuntum-min-  qablu  faman-nAllaahu  ‘alaykum  fata-bayyanuu.  ‘InnAllaaha  kaana  bimaa  ta’-maluuna  Khabiiraa.

Commentary

Zarab-tum – (you go forth), this word is from zaraba, one meaning of which is ‘to beat’, and it has also other meanings which are ‘to move, to travel’. In this verse, it aims these (second) meanings. 

‘Alqaaa – (offering), it means ‘to put an offer, to say about any matter before someone for his conciliation or making him to understand, to throw anything towards any person’.

‘Araza – (chance profits, wealth and goods), here it signifies towards common necessities of life.

  

Magaanimun  - (the spoils), having the mastery over the things without labor, the wealth acquired for nothing and possession of those things, which have been snatched/taken over from the enemy in war (Maali ganiimat).

Fata-bayyanuu – (Discriminate, inquire, investigate), it has been derived from bayaan. Here it means ‘to set up a judgment after necessary investigation and understanding thoroughly.

It is commanded that ‘when you come out from your houses for fighting, then you should do nothing without attention and investigation, and whosoever discloses that he is a Muslim, you should not say him that he is not a Muslim considering that he is pretending only to save his life. And you should not slay him to get his possessing. What would you do after possession of this a little wealth? Allah Almighty will cause to give you the wealth and equipment of your enemies in huge quantity. There is no deficiency with Him. Stop your hand from the person at once, who declares with any method that he is a believer. Before Islam, you used to slay without any hesitation for getting very little things. Now you have embraced Islam. You should be careful in each matter. None should be slain by your hands in the greed of wealth. You have no right to kill that person who has disclosed himself as a Muslim, blaming him that he said himself a Muslim to save his life only. Allah Almighty knows the deeds of all of you very well and only He can decide that who is true and who is a liar. Therefore, you should kill only that person, about whom you are ordered to do so. You cannot understand that whether he embraced Islam to save his life or really he is a Believer. 

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/-DCBGZILZS4