Fulfill your undertakings – 2 - Quran Chptr 5-1&2a (Pt-6 Stg-2) (L–641)-درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 1 & 2a (Pt-6, Stg-2) (L-641) - درس قرآن    

Fulfill your undertakings – 2

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

Allah Almighty has ordained in the beginning of this Chapter, “Fulfill your undertakings”. When a mankind embraces Islam, he/she undertakes that he/she will never disobey Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him). It becomes duty of that person that he should fulfill this responsibility. Therefore after that, remaining instructions about “Do” and “Do not do” have been explained.

That is the Believer who confesses Kalimah Tayyibah “Laaa ‘ilaaha  ‘illAllaahu, Muhammadur-RasuulUllaah” (There is No God But Allah, Muhammad is His Apostle) (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him), by tongue and determines that he/she shall obey heartily the Command which will be delivered by Allah Al mighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him). Following orders are adhered immediately upon a Muslim after acceptance of the Kalimah:

1.    Do not worship anybody or anything except Allah Almighty.

2.    Keep the congregational prayer up five times a day along with other Muslims.

3.    Fast the entire month of Ramadhan.

4.    Pay the poor-due @ 2- ½ % from your wealth.

5.    Perform the Hajj (pilgrimage) once in life, if it is possible.

Confessing the Kalimah is undertaking for performing all above-mentioned duties which have been prescribed by Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him).

The worst commission of ancient nations (whose instance was present in front of Arabs in the form of Jews and Christians) was that they did not fulfill their covenants. Entire affairs about them have been explained in Surah ‘Al-Baqarah, ‘Aali- ‘Imraan and Nisaaa’. Possibly, any nation would not have evaded in such a manner, which did these two nations. They used to admit by their tongue that they would obey entire commands of Allah Almighty, but after that followed their own wishes and turned His commandments corresponding to their will as they wished. The last biggest covenant they broke is, “They promised that they would follow the Messenger of Allah Almighty, Muhammad (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him)”. The Muslims have already been warned, “You should not do as the Jews and the Christians did but follow the Way keeping the attention fixed on Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him)”.

The Muslims have been commanded, “It is lawful for you to get advantage from the beast of cattle. If you wish to use them for food, you are allowed except game, in case, when ye are in Ihram. Likewise, treat with respect and render honor to the sanctity of the Monuments of Allah Almighty, the Sacred Month, the offerings, collard animals (of sacrifice) those repairing to be Sacred House, and do not violate them. These places are the Masjids (Mosques) and many sacred places in the surroundings of ‘the Inviolable Place of Makkah, where every Pilgrim has to go during the occasion of Hajj (Pilgrimage) or they have to perform any religious duty. Try to do good, turn away from war and evil deeds particularly during these four sacred months – Rajab, Zii-Qa’-dah, Zul-Hajjah and Muharram. However, it becomes lawful to fight even during these sacred months against that who assaults”.

Like this, respect of those cattle (of sacrifice) is necessary too, which are used to carry to Makkah Mu-‘azmah and occasionally, those are collard with any neckband or something else, that those should not be molested. In like manner, it is duty of Muslims to save and respect those persons, who have departed towards Ka’-bah (the House of Allah Almighty at Makkah), because these people are proceeding to get His pleasure and grace.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif).

https://youtu.be/zup-B_1rLp8

Fulfill your undertakings – 1 - Quran Chptr 5-1&2a (Pt-6 Stg-2) (L–640)-درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- 1 & 2a (Pt-6, Stg-2) (L-640) - درس قرآن    

Fulfill your undertakings – 1

Surah MAAA-‘IDAH (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ أَوْفُوا۟ بِٱلْعُقُودِ أُحِلَّتْ لَكُم بَهِيمَةُ ٱلْأَنْعَٰمِ إِلَّا مَا يُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ غَيْرَ مُحِلِّى ٱلصَّيْدِ وَأَنتُمْ حُرُمٌ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَحْكُمُ مَايُرِيدُ (1  

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تُحِلُّوا۟ شَعَٰٓئِرَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا ٱلشَّهْرَ ٱلْحَرَامَ وَلَا ٱلْهَدْىَ وَلَا ٱلْقَلَٰٓئِدَ وَلَآ ءَآمِّينَ ٱلْبَيْتَ ٱلْحَرَامَ يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًامِّن رَّبِّهِمْ وَرِضْوَٰنًا (2  a  

1.  O ye who believe! Fulfill your undertakings. The beast of cattle is made lawful unto you (for food) except that which is announced unto you (herein), game being unlawful when ye are in Ehraam. Lo! Allah ordaineth that which pleaseth Him. 2a.  O ye who believe! Violate not the sanctity of Allah’s Monuments; nor the Sacred Month; nor the offerings; nor collard animals (of sacrifice) those repairing to be Sacred House, seeking the grace and pleasure of their Lord.

1.  Yaaa-‘ayyu-hallaziina  ‘aamanuuu  ‘awfuu  bil-‘uquud.  ‘Uhillat  lakum-  bahii-matul-  ‘an-‘aami  ‘illaa  maa  yutlaa  ‘alaykum  gayra  mu-hillis-saydi  wa  ‘antum  hurum.  ‘InnAllaaha  yah-kumu  maa  yuriid. 2a.  Yaaa-‘ayyu-hallaziina  ‘aamanuu  laa  tuhilluu  sha-‘aaa-‘irAllaahi  wa  lash-Shahral-Haraama  wa  lal-hadya  wa  lal-qalaaa-‘ida  wa  laaa  ‘aaammiinal-Baytal-Haraama  yabtaguuna  fazlam-mir-Rabbihim  wa  rizwaanaa.

    Commentary

‘Uquud – (Undertakings), it is plural of ‘aqad, which means ‘to tie a knot’, in other words you can say ‘to promise, to make the covenant firm with someone’.

‘An-‘aamun – (the cattle, the pet animals and those beast which are hunted for food). 

Mu-hillii – actually this word is mu-hilliin, which is plural of mu-hill and it has been derived from ‘ahlaal, which is from Halaal. ‘Ahlaal means ‘to know and make something lawful’. 

Mu-hillis-saydi – those persons, who consider the prey as lawful. 

Hurum – it is plural of haraam, which has been derived from hurmat. Haraam means protected, sheltered, the thing which can neither be disrespected and nor can be used. That person, who has been prevented from doing any particular act, here it aims “the pilgrims, who have intended to proceed for Hajj (Pilgrimage of Makkah). Some acts and things become unlawful for them. 

Sha-‘aaa-‘ir is plural of sha-‘arah – those things, to which Allah Almighty has determined as “the Monuments of His sanctity”. 

Qalaaa-‘id is plural of qalaadah – that strap, neckband or any other thing, which is tied in the neck of that beast, which is being carried to Makkah for sacrificing during the period of pilgrimage. 

‘Aaammiina is plural of ‘aaammun – those people who have begun their journey to perform Hajj. 

‘Al-Baytal-Haraama – (the Sacred House), that is to say; ‘Ka’-bah -  the Inviolable place of worship’ (The House of Allah Almighty at Makkah).

In the beginning of this Chapter, it has been commanded: you should fulfill such undertakings which you have promised. When a mankind recites Kalimah (None is worthy of worship but God, Muhammad (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) is Messenger of God), then he takes in charge that he will not turn away from the obedience of Allah Almighty and His Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him). It is incumbent that he should fulfill his responsibility. Therefore, after it, those commandments which are required to be performed and which works are forbidden; will be explained.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif).  https://youtu.be/EADXE-J75c0

Introduction of contents – Suratul- Maaa-‘idah - Quran Chapter 5- Intro (Pt-6, Stg-2) (L-639) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 5- Intro (Pt-6, Stg-2) (L-639) - درس قرآن    

Introduction of contents – Suratul- Maaa-‘idah

Surah Maaa-‘idah (The Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

This Surah “’Al-MAA-’IDAH” was revealed in Madinah with effect from 5 AH to 10 AH in parts. In accordance with the Qur’aanic Order, it is fifth chapter in the beginning of 2^ndStage (Manzil) out of seven Stages (Manaazil) of Holy Qur’an. First Stage (Manzil) ended on Suratun-NIsaaa’. In Arabic, ’Al-Maaa-‘idah means: “The Table Spread”. The companions of Prophet Jesus (peace be upon Him) requested Him that such a tray of edible food should land on them from the heaven. That event has been described in this chapter. Therefore it was named “The Table Spread” (’Al-Maaa-‘idah).

After its completion, no other complete Surah was revealed. Therefore it is called also “the last Surah of the Holy Qur’an”. One verse of this Surah was revealed in “the Field of ‘Arafaat” at the time of “The Last Pilgrimage” (named Hajjatul-Widaa’) of the Last Messenger of Allah Almighty, Muhammad (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him). In that verse, the Muslims were informed: “’Al-Yawma  ‘ak-maltu  lakum  Diina-kum  wa  ‘at-mamtu  ‘alaykum  ni’-maTii  wa  Raziitu  lakumul- ‘ISLAAMA  Diinaa” (This Day have I Perfected your Religion for you and completed My Favour unto you, and Have chosen for you as Religion AL-ISLAM). Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) saw during His life that those Arabs, who rose to oppose Him (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) with full force, they entire embraced Islam {which has been mentioned in Surah ‘An-NASR (SUCCOUR) - 110}.  

There is a special message of this Chapter for the Muslims” “Fulfill your religious duty punctually, regularly and carefully, and show your performance practically according to the Kalimah “Laaa ‘ilaaha  ‘illAllaahu, Muhammadur-RasuulUllaah” {None is worthy of worship but God, Muhammad is Messenger of Allah (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him)}, which you have recited heartily and admitted”.  

Some things have been forbidden from taking in this Chapter for the Muslims, limit of friendly relationship with the People of the Scripture has been set up, the principles of ablution and purity have been described, importance of internal chastity has been signified along with external purity, success of both worlds (i.e. this world and the Hereafter – the Day of Resurrection) has been fixed upon performing the religious duties, different types of behaviors from the Jews and the Christians have been mentioned and guided to save themselves from them, the Jews have been advised, “You molested Messenger Moses (peace be upon Him) and disobeyed Him. Now you are given another chance. This Last Messenger Muhammad (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) has brought unto you very useful commandments. Believe in Him and refrain from oppressing Him” (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him). Example of two sons of Adam (peace be upon Him) has been illustrated to stop the Jews from outbreak and killing unlawfully.  

Two rules of the Jews have been mentioned, which were determined to prevent them from committing the wicked deeds, and the Muslims have been urged that the Jews did not act upon their religion, but the Muslims should carry the commands of their religion perfectly into effect. Then evasions of the Jews and off to fulfill their religious duties, have been described in detail.

Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) commanded: It is your duty to convey the Qur’aanic Message to the entire human beings. Do not ponder about it that, whether the people believe or otherwise. The Muslims have been instructed to remain away from wine and gambling. They have been told to abstain from use of some things, when they are in ‘Ihram.

After that, they have been instructed that they should give up old, bad fashions. Some facts relating to Messenger Jesus (peace be upon Him) have been explained at the end of Surah.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/RDVs4sUc61A

Review - fourth Chapter of Qur’an - Quran Chapter 4 -176 (Pt-6, Stg-1) (L-638) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- Review (Pt-6, Stg-1) (L-638) - درس قرآن

Review - fourth Chapter of Qur’an

Suratun-Nisaaa’  (The Women) – Chapter – 4)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

Lessons of Suratun-Nisaaa’ ended on previous lesson. Let’s review it briefly, so that its subjects may be revised in mind.

In this Chapter, maximum topics are regarding the rights of the women, good behavior with orphans, unsuitable deeds of the hypocrites, and rules for distribution of hereditary. False faiths of the Jews and the Christians have been explained and it has been guided “How to correct them”. Why are these matters in this Surah? For understanding, following is compulsory to be known.  

This Surah was revealed in the last part of 4^th year of Hijrah {fourth year of coming of the Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) in Madinah}. Before its inspiration, during 2^nd year of Hijrah, the famous Battle of Badr was fought, in which Muslims obtained a full victory over the Infidels. In 3^rd year of Hijrah, the people of Makkah assaulted over Madinah again, and the Muslims came out of Madinah and assembled at the place of Uhud for fighting. Both parties fought bravely. At first, the Muslims succeeded. After that, due to mistake of some people, their victory was changed into defeat. Many Muslims were martyred. Their children became orphans. Mention of this Battle has passed in Surah ‘Aali-‘Imraan before it.  

In the Battle of Uhud, the Hypocrites troubled very much. Before beginning of the Battle, they had been separate along with their people. Even then the Muslims obtained victory. But due to a little error, they faced defeat. Some Muslims were killed. The reason of this entire loss was that some people interfered with their opinion and they did not obey the command of God’s Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him).

When some period passed, the Muslims returned to their good health and spirit, then this Chapter was revealed. In it, they were instructed - to save lives and wealth of those children who became fatherless in the Battle, to care the rights of the women that they should not be treated unjustly. The rule for distributing the hereditary of those people who had died, were explained.

Due to behavior of the Hypocrites, they suffered abundant loss. Their conspiracies and plans were disclosed and the Muslims were instructed that they should be careful from them.

Due to defeat of Muslims in the Battle, the Jews were very happy and they began to oppress the Muslims. They broke mutual covenants and treaties, and became so much arrogant that they began to say that the way of the Infidels of Mecca is better than Islam. In this Surah, vice of villainies of the Jews and the Christians has been described to them, and it has been commanded to the Muslims that they should be careful and vigilant from them. False beliefs of the Jews and the Christians have been corrected. At the end, after describing about reward of Belief and good works, solution of remaining problems in respect of the estate and property of the deceased person has been explained.               

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/fZjstEIJYSo

Remaining commands about the heritage - Quran Chapter 4 -176 (Pt-6, Stg-1) (L-637) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 176 (Pt-6, Stg-1) (L-637) - درس قرآن

Remaining commands about the heritage

Suratun-Nisaaa’  (The Women) – Chapter – 4)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)

 يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِٱللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِى ٱلْكَلَٰلَةِ إِنِ ٱمْرُؤٌا۟ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُۥ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُۥٓ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَآ إِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهَا وَلَدٌ فَإِن كَانَتَا ٱثْنَتَيْنِفَلَهُمَا ٱلثُّلُثَانِ مِمَّا تَرَكَ وَإِن كَانُوٓا۟ إِخْوَةً رِّجَالًا وَنِسَآءً فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ ٱلْأُنثَيَيْنِ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَن تَضِلُّوا۟ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌۢ(176

176.  They ask thee for a pronouncement. Say! Allah hath pronounced for you concerning distant kindred. If a man die childless and he have a sister, hers is half the heritage, and he would have inherited from her had she died childless. And if there be two sisters, then theirs are two-thirds of the heritage, and if they be brethren, men and women, unto the male is the equivalent of the share of two females. Allah  expoundeth unto you, so that ye err not. And Allah is Knower of all things.

176.  Yastaftuunak,  QuLIllaahu  yuf-tiikum  fil-Kalaalah.  ‘Inimru-‘un  halaka  lay-sa  lahuu  wa-ladunw-wa  lahuuu  ‘ukh-tun  falahaa  nisfu  maa  tarak.  Wa  huwa  yarisu-haaa  ‘illam  yakul-lahaa  walad.  Fa-‘in  kaanasna-tayni  fala-humas-sulusaani  mimmaa  tarak.  Wa  ‘in  kaanuuu  ‘ikh-watar-rijaa-lanw-wa  nisaaa-‘an  faliz-zakari  mislu  hazzil-‘un-sa-yayn.  Yubayyi-nUllaahu  lakum  ‘an- tazilluu.  Wallaahu  bi-kulli  shay-‘in  ’Aliim.

    Commentary

Kalaalah – (infirm and feeble), here this verse signifies towards a person, who has only brothers and sisters, and does not have either father or children.

 Tazilluu – (you err), this word has been derived from the word zalaalat, which means ‘error’, but there is such a situation in this composition that the people, who know Arabic language, understand the word “no” or “not” with it. Therefore it means “Do not err” or “You err not”.

It has been replied in this verse about the question, “If any dead person had only own or step brothers and sisters, and had not either father or son, then what portion of hereditary would they get”? Brothers and sisters are of three types. Own brothers and sisters, those, who have same father and mother, are called ‘ainii. Step-brothers and sisters, who are brothers and sisters from the side of father only, they are called ‘alaatii and the Brothers or sisters by the same mother but by a different father are called ‘akhyaafii. For further detail about Kalaalah please review Lesson # 517 Verse 12b of this chapter.

Allah Almighty expounds that if there is no heir of the dead person, other than brother and sister, then the hereditary will be given to them as explained:

1.    If the heir is only one sister, she will be given half from the entire hereditary of her dead brother’s wealth. That is to say; if the dead person does not have father or son, then portion from the hereditary of her brother for her is equal to a daughter.

2.    If the sister has died and the heir is only a brother, he will be given entire wealth of his sister.

3.    If the dead brother left two or more sisters living behind, they all will get two-thirds of the total hereditary.

4.    If the heirs are many mixed brothers and sisters, then entire wealth will be distributed in to them with the ratio that each male will be given double from each female.

Allah Almighty pronounces these points so that you may be saved from error and be not confused at the time of distress.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Pak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/ygPw6vsS1Eo