Quran Chapter
4- 92a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-582) - درس قرآن
Punishment
of killing a Muslim unintentionally
Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’
(Women) – Chapter – 4)
‘A-‘uu-zu Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)
وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍأَن يَقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا إِلَّا خَطَـًٔا وَمَن قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا خَطَـًٔا فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ وَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦٓ إِلَّآ أَن يَصَّدَّقُوا۟ فَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَّكُمْوَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ وَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍۭ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ فَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦ وَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُشَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ تَوْبَةً مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا 92
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92a. It is not for a believer to kill a believer
unless (it be) by mistake. And he who hath killed a believer by mistake must
set free a believing slave, and pay the blood-money to the family of the
slain, unless they remit it as a charity. If he (the victim) be of a people
hostile unto you, and he is a believer, then (the penance is) to set free a
believing slave.
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92a. Wa maa kaana li-Mu’-mi-nin
‘any-yaqtula Mu’-minan ‘illaa khata-‘aa. Wa
man qatala Mu’-minan khata-‘an fatah-riiru raqabatim-Mu’-minatinw-wa
di-yatum-musalla-matun ‘ilaaa ‘ahlihiii ‘illaaa
‘any-yas-saddaquu. Fa-‘in kaana min- qawmin
‘aduwwil-lakum wa huwa Mu’-minun- fatah-riiru
raqaba-tim-Mu’-minah.
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Commentary
Tah-riiru -
(to set free), its origin is hur and
plural ‘ahraar. Hur means ‘free, independent’.
Raqa-bati –
(neck), here, meaning of this word is ‘slave’, because slave’s neck remains in
his master’s hands.
Di-yatun –
(blood-money), that is to say; the amount or part of wealth which is paid to
the family of the slain person.
Yas-saddaquu -
(they remit, exempt), the word is from sadaqah,
which means charity. Its object is that if the heirs of the killed person
forgive the killer and do not take blood-money from him, then it will be charity
from them.
Heretofore, the Muslims were instructed that they should fight
against mischievous and treacherous hypocrites, and it is possible in the war
that any Muslim is slain erroneously or unknowingly. So punishment of this type
of murder was mentioned.
It is commanded, “It cannot be expected from a Muslim that he
will kill any other Muslim intentionally. However, if it has been happened so
erroneously, then it should be observed:
- Whether
the Muslim is from one’s own nation and country?
- Or
does he belong to any other such nation or country, whose people are not
Muslims but a treaty of peace has taken place mutually among you and them?
- Or
did he come from such disbelieving nation with whom you do not have any
agreement of peace, but both are enemies of each other and fighting?
If the slain person is from own folk, then the killer will set
free a Muslim slave and pay the blood-money to the heirs of the slain. If he
was from the nation, with whom you have agreement of peace, then also you will
set free any Muslim slave and pay the blood-money to his infidel heirs. If he
belonged to the enemy nation, then you would have to set free a Muslim slave
only. In this case paying the blood-money is not compulsory.
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