Punishment of willful murder - Quran Chapter 4-92b & 93 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-583) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 92b & 93 (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-583) - درس قرآن

Punishment of willful murder

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍأَن يَقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا إِلَّا خَطَـًٔا وَمَن قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا خَطَـًٔا فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ وَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦٓ إِلَّآ أَن يَصَّدَّقُوا۟ فَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَّكُمْوَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ وَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍۭ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ فَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦ وَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُشَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ تَوْبَةً مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا 92

         وَمَن يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُّتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَآؤُهُۥ جَهَنَّمُ خَٰلِدًا فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَلَعَنَهُۥوَأَعَدَّ لَهُۥ عَذَابًا عَظِيمًا 93

92b.  And if he cometh of a folk between whom and you there is a covenant, then the blood-money must be paid unto his folk and (also) a believing slave must be set free. And whoso hath not the wherewithal must fast two consecutive months; a penance from Allah. And Allah is Knower, Wise. 93.  Whoso slayeth a believer intentionally his reward is Hell wherein he will abide for ever and Allah is wroth against him and He hath cursed him and prepared for him an awful doom.

92b.  Wa  ‘in  kaana  min  qawmim-bayna-kum  wa  baynahum-mii-saaqun-  fa-diyatum-musalla-matun  ‘ilaaa  ‘ahlihiii  wa  tah-riiru  raqa-batim-Mu’-minah.  Famallam  yajid  fa-Siyaamu  shah-rayni  mutataa-bi-‘ayn;  tawbatam-minAllaah.  Wa  kaanAllaahu  ‘Aliiman  Hakiimaa.  93.  Wa  many-yaqtul  Mu’-minam- muta-‘ammidan-  fa-jazaaa-‘uhuu   Jahannamu  khaalidan-  fiihaa  wa  gazibAllaahu  ‘alayhi  wa  la-‘anahuu  wa  ‘a-‘adda  lahuu  ‘azaaban  ‘aziimaa.

Commentary

Shah-rayni  mutataa-bi-‘ayn – (two consecutive months), shah-rayn is plural of shahr, which means “one month”. Mutataa-bi-‘ayn means “consecutive, continuously”. It aims that no day should be left without fast within two months.

Muta-‘ammidan – (intentionally), it has been derived from the word ‘amada, which means ‘intention, attempt, willing. Qatli-‘amad means willful murder or homicide, because punishment of unknowingly murder is different from this type of killing.

Description of the first part of above mentioned verse has passed in the previous lesson that if the slain person belongs to such nation or country, whose people are not Muslims but a treaty of peace has taken place mutually among you and them, then what should be done?

In the second part of the verse it has been described that if the killer is poor, neither he has any slave or bond-woman to set free, and nor has wealth for paying blood-money, then he should fast for two months consecutively. Then his repentance will be acceptable because this is not such a crime which may be forgiven so easily. Suffer upon your own body as penance of murder and fast two consecutive months without leaving any day beside fasting, if you do not have wherewithal (blood-money) to spend. 

In the next verse, punishment for that believer has been described, who kills any other believer intentionally and voluntarily. This is the crime from which nobody can get rid of through penance. Its punishment will be given on the Doomsday. The killer will be thrown in the Fire of Hell. He will abide there forever. The Curse of Allah Almighty is upon him and He will be wroth on him. He has prepared for him an awful doom. This torment is separate from that punishment which will be suffered by him in the world i.e. paying kisaas (blood-money) by him. The command regarding retaliation (Kisaas) has passed in Surah Al-Baqarah (Chapter: The Cow).

In these verses, it has been explained that if a Muslim kills any other Muslim, he should pay expiation; if he killed unintentionally, as mentioned in the previous lesson, or if he is poor, then he should fast for two consecutive months as explained in the first part of this lesson, and if he killed intentionally, then his punishment is “the Fire of the Hell, curse and wrath of Allah Almighty”.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif).

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