How should the prayer be offered in war - Quran Chapter 4-102a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-589) - درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 4- 102a (Pt-5, Stg-1) (L-589) - درس قرآن

How should the prayer be offered  in war

Surah ‘An-Nisaaa’  (Women) – Chapter – 4) 

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَإِذَا كُنتَ فِيهِمْ فَأَقَمْتَ لَهُمُ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ فَلْتَقُمْ طَآئِفَةٌ مِّنْهُم مَّعَكَ وَلْيَأْخُذُوٓا۟ أَسْلِحَتَهُمْ فَإِذَا سَجَدُوا۟ فَلْيَكُونُوا۟ مِن وَرَآئِكُمْ وَلْتَأْتِ طَآئِفَةٌأُخْرَىٰ لَمْ يُصَلُّوا۟ فَلْيُصَلُّوا۟ مَعَكَ وَلْيَأْخُذُوا۟ حِذْرَهُمْ وَأَسْلِحَتَهُمْ وَدَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لَوْ تَغْفُلُونَ عَنْ أَسْلِحَتِكُمْ وَأَمْتِعَتِكُمْ فَيَمِيلُونَ عَلَيْكُم مَّيْلَةًوَٰحِدَةً وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِن كَانَ بِكُمْ أَذًى مِّن مَّطَرٍ أَوْ كُنتُم مَّرْضَىٰٓ أَن تَضَعُوٓا۟ أَسْلِحَتَكُمْ وَخُذُوا۟ حِذْرَكُمْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ أَعَدَّ لِلْكَٰفِرِينَ عَذَابًا مُّهِينًا 102

102a.  And when thou (O Muhammad) art among them and arrangest (their) worship for them, let only a party of them stand with thee (to worship) and let them take their arms. Then when they have performed their prostrations let them fall to the rear of you and let another party come that hath not worshipped and let them worship with thee, and let them take their precaution and their arms.

102a.  Wa  ‘izaa  kunta  fiihim  fa-‘aqmta  lahumus-Salaata  fal-taqum  taaa-‘ifatum-minhum-ma-‘aka  wal-ya’-khuzuuu  ‘asli-hatahum;  fa-‘izaa  sajaduu  fal-yakuunuu  minw-waraaa-‘ikum.  Wal-ta’-ti  taaa-‘ifatun  ‘ukh-raa  lam  yu-salluu  fal-yu-salluu  ma-‘aka  wal-ya’-khuzuu  hizra-hum  wa  ‘asli-hatahum.

Commentary

Taaa-‘ifatun – (a party, a group or a society), here it aims ‘a part of Army’.

Waraaa-‘i  - (rear), this word has been used for many aims as for ‘ahead, back, either front or rear’.

The Occasion regarding descending of this verse is that Most Gracious Messenger of Allah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) moved along with Muslims for fighting in the Battle of ‘Asfaan. When the war was being fought, the time of Zuhr prayer (the time immediately after the declining of the sun) began. He (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) offered two rak-‘aat of the prescribed congregational prayer with other Muslims, in accordance with the instructions, revealed in the previous verse. The Army of the disbelievers was looking it in confusion. They were as much wonder-struck and senseless that they could not think about attack upon the Muslims immediately. When the Muslims had completed their worship, then Khalid Bin Waliid, till that time who had not embraced Islam and who was commander of the disbelievers’ Army, said to the personnel of his Army with great sorrow, “We have committed a very big error. When the Muslims were standing in a file to offer prayer, it was the best chance for us to attack them; coming from their rear. However, after a while they will worship again in the afternoon (‘Asr prayer), then we shall finish them”.

Before starting the time of afternoon (‘Asr) prayer, Allah Almighty revealed this verse. The prayer of ‘Asr was offered according to the new revelation and the planning of the disbelievers was put down as it were.

It is commanded: When you are fighting against the infidels and the time of prayer begins, then the Army should be distributed in two parties. One party should stand still in front of the disbelievers and the other should stand for worship behind the first party. When this party finishes its first rak-‘at and completes it with prostration, then these people should face the enemy; leaving your rear and that party, which was standing before the enemy, they should establish their second rak-‘at following the spiritual Guide. When you turn over your Salaam after completion of your prayer, then these people should go back again before the enemy, and the party; which was standing in front of the enemy, they should come back and complete their prayer (first rak-‘at of the prayer) alone. Then they should return before the enemy and the remaining people should complete their remaining part of the prayer (first rak-‘at). In this prayer, the people are permitted to move according to requirement. Necessary Arms, Ammunition and Equipment for safety should be with everybody.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’an published By Idara Islah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English  by Muhammad Sharif).  

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